Home
 Compare Metals

Thallium vs Palladium

Thallium
Palladium
Palladium vs Thallium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Tl  
Pd  
Group Number
13  
5
10  
8
Period Number
6  
5  
Block
p block  
d block  
Element Family
Post-​Transition  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440280  
99+
7440053  
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
Fm_ 3m  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
225.00  
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Compounds of Thallium metal are highly Toxic.
  • Thallium metal is being suspected as a human carcinogen.
  
  • Palladium alloys are used for Jewelry contains (95% Palladium and 5% Ruthenium)
  • In the late 1800s, Palladium metal used have more economical value than the Platinum metal.
  • Palladium element is known as a good catalyst
  
Sources
Found As a By-product, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals  
Ores of metals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
William Crookes  
William Hyde Wollaston  
Discovery
In 1861  
In 1803  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
33
0.00 %  
23
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
26
0.00 %  
24
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
34
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Thallium is a toxic metal and hence it has limited uses. Thallium metal is mostly used for producing photoelectric cells.
  • In thermometer’s mercury alloy has 8% of thallium, as it has a melting point lower than 20°C.
  
  • Mostly palladium metal is used in catalytic converters. In electronic industry it is used in ceramic capacitors of mobile and computer.
  • It is used in jewellery and dental fillings and crowns.
  
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
Medical Research  
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Coinage, Bullion, Jewellery  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
38
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
303.50 °C  
99+
1,554.90 °C  
22
Boiling Point
1,457.00 °C  
99+
2,963.00 °C  
34
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Silver  
Luster
-  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
1.20  
21
4.75  
9
Brinell Hardness
26.50 MPa  
99+
320.00 MPa  
40
Vickers Hardness
120.00 MPa  
99+
121.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
818.00 m/s  
99+
3,070.00 m/s  
38
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.90  
18
1.72  
25
Reflectivity
8.00 %  
37
84.00 %  
5
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Tl  
Pd  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
32  
7
38  
1
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.62  
22
2.20  
5
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.25  
6
2.20  
8
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.44  
18
1.35  
22
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.96  
11
2.20  
6
Allen Electronegativity
1.79  
16
1.59  
25
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.38  
33
1.80  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
589.40 kJ/mol  
99+
520.23 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,971.00 kJ/mol  
14
7,298.22 kJ/mol  
2
3rd Energy Level
2,878.00 kJ/mol  
32
11,815.13 kJ/mol  
3
4th Energy Level
5,890.00 kJ/mol  
17
870.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
5,890.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,044.00 kJ/mol  
13
6th Energy Level
5,890.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,044.00 kJ/mol  
33
7th Energy level
5,890.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,040.00 kJ/mol  
27
8th Energy Level
5,890.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,040.00 kJ/mol  
27
9th Energy Level
5,890.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,040.00 kJ/mol  
24
10th Energy Level
5,890.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,040.00 kJ/mol  
28
11th Energy Level
5,890.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,040.00 kJ/mol  
27
12th Energy Level
5,890.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,040.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
5,890.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,310.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
5,890.00 kJ/mol  
37
804.40 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
58,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
80,400.00 kJ/mol  
16
16th Energy Level
58,900.00 kJ/mol  
38
804.40 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
589.40 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
33
18th Energy Level
5,890.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,045.00 kJ/mol  
22
19th Energy Level
589.40 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
30
20th Energy Level
589.00 kJ/mol  
99+
804.00 kJ/mol  
23
21st Energy Level
589.40 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
589.00 kJ/mol  
99+
804.00 kJ/mol  
18
23rd Energy Level
589.40 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
589.40 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
14
25th Energy Level
589.40 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
12
26th Energy Level
589.40 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
12
27th Energy Level
589.40 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
11
28th Energy Level
589.40 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
17
29th Energy Level
589.40 kJ/mol  
99+
804.40 kJ/mol  
16
30th Energy Level
589.40 kJ/mol  
99+
804.00 kJ/mol  
12
Electrochemical Equivalent
7.63 g/amp-hr  
2
1.99 g/amp-hr  
34
Electron Work Function
3.84 eV  
39
5.12 eV  
7
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
81  
35
46  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p1  
[Kr] 4d10  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Palladium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
81  
35
46  
99+
Number of Neutrons
123  
21
60  
99+
Number of Electrons
81  
35
46  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
170.00 pm  
24
137.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
145.00 pm  
99+
139.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
196.00 pm  
37
163.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
204.38 amu  
31
106.42 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
17.20 cm3/mol  
99+
8.90 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Mercury
  
Rhodium
  
Next Element
Lead
  
Silver
  
Valence Electron Potential
9.60 (-eV)  
99+
33.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
345.66 pm  
99+
389.07 pm  
28
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.60  
23
1.56  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
11.85 g/cm3  
33
12.02 g/cm3  
31
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
11.22 g/cm3  
33
10.38 g/cm3  
38
Tensile Strength
47.00 MPa  
39
550.00 MPa  
8
Viscosity
0.00  
22
0.00  
14
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
16.90 (Pa)  
5
0.00 (Pa)  
29
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
38
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
2.80 GPa  
99+
44.00 GPa  
17
Bulk Modulus
43.00 GPa  
33
180.00 GPa  
9
Young's Modulus
8.00 GPa  
99+
121.00 GPa  
18
Poisson Ratio
0.45  
2
0.39  
5
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Sectile  
Ductile, Malleable, Weldable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
11.85  
35
12.02  
33
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
18
Susceptibility
0.00  
28
0.00  
27
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
0.18 nΩ·m  
99+
105.40 nΩ·m  
29
Electrical Conductivity
0.06 106/cm Ω  
37
0.10 106/cm Ω  
27
Electron Affinity
19.20 kJ/mol  
38
54.23 kJ/mol  
21
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.24 J/(kg K)  
23
Molar Heat Capacity
26.32 J/mol·K  
37
25.98 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
46.10 W/m·K  
33
71.80 W/m·K  
23
Critical Temperature
577.00 K  
99+
1,825.00 K  
26
Thermal Expansion
29.90 µm/(m·K)  
12
11.80 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
162.10 kJ/mol  
99+
376.60 kJ/mol  
28
Enthalpy of Fusion
4.27 kJ/mol  
99+
16.74 kJ/mol  
18
Enthalpy of Atomization
179.90 kJ/mol  
99+
393.30 kJ/mol  
29
Standard Molar Entropy
64.20 J/mol.K  
20
37.60 J/mol.K  
99+
Periodic Table >>
<< All

Compare Post Transition Metals

Post Transition Metals

Post Transition Metals

» More Post Transition Metals

Compare Post Transition Metals

» More Compare Post Transition Metals
Home | About | Contact | Disclaimer | Terms of use
© A softusvista inc. venture!