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Tin Cobalt Comparison

Tin
Cobalt
Cobalt Tin comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Sn  
Co  
Group Number
14  
4
9  
9
Period Number
5  
4  
Block
p block  
d block  
Element Family
Post-​Transition  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440315  
99+
7440484  
38
Space Group Name
I41/amd  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
141.00  
10
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
  • Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
  
  • The main source of Cobalt is as a by-product of copper and nickel metal mining.
  • Cobalt metal can be obtained from other elements like Oxygen, Sulfur and Arsenic.
  • It s also used in electroplating process as it exhibits anti cession properties.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining  
Found in Compounds, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
-  
Georg Brandt  
Discovery
Before 3500 BC  
In 1732  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
21
0.00 %  
10
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
19
0.00 %  
9
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
24
0.06 %  
10
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
34
0.00 %  
21
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
26
0.00 %  
20
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
15
0.00 %  
20
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
  • Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
  
  • Its alloys with aluminum and nickel are used to make powerful magnets.
  • Few other alloys exhibit high-temperature strength and hence they are used in Turbines of Jet and Gas engine.
  
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry  
Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
Dentistry  
Pharmaceutical Industry  
Other Uses
-  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.38 Blood/mg dm-3  
10
0.04 Blood/mg dm-3  
18
In Bone
1.40 p.p.m.  
17
0.04 p.p.m.  
32
Physical
Melting Point
231.90 °C  
99+
1,495.00 °C  
29
Boiling Point
2,270.00 °C  
99+
2,870.00 °C  
35
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Gray  
Luster
-  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
1.50  
19
5.00  
8
Brinell Hardness
50.00 MPa  
99+
470.00 MPa  
31
Vickers Hardness
50.00 MPa  
99+
1,043.00 MPa  
18
Speed of Sound
2,730.00 m/s  
99+
4,720.00 m/s  
18
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.40  
7
2.50  
5
Reflectivity
51.00 %  
30
67.00 %  
16
Allotropes
Yes  
Yes  
α Allotropes
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)  
α-Cobalt  
β Allotropes
White Tin (Beta Tin)  
β-Cobalt  
γ Allotropes
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Sn  
Co  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35  
4
26  
13
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.96  
9
1.88  
13
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.49  
19
2.56  
1
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.72  
5
1.70  
6
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.21  
5
1.88  
14
Allen Electronegativity
1.82  
14
1.84  
13
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.04  
99+
2.12  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
33
760.40 kJ/mol  
19
2nd Energy Level
1,411.80 kJ/mol  
99+
1,648.00 kJ/mol  
32
3rd Energy Level
2,943.00 kJ/mol  
30
3,232.00 kJ/mol  
22
4th Energy Level
3,930.30 kJ/mol  
99+
4,950.00 kJ/mol  
29
5th Energy Level
7,456.00 kJ/mol  
21
7,670.00 kJ/mol  
18
6th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9,840.00 kJ/mol  
18
7th Energy level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
39
12,440.00 kJ/mol  
11
8th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
35
15,230.00 kJ/mol  
12
9th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
32
17,959.00 kJ/mol  
13
10th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
36
26,570.00 kJ/mol  
7
11th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
34
29,400.00 kJ/mol  
8
12th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
32,400.00 kJ/mol  
30
13th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
31
36,600.00 kJ/mol  
8
14th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
39,700.00 kJ/mol  
9
15th Energy Level
70,800.00 kJ/mol  
27
42,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
70,800.00 kJ/mol  
22
49,396.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
52,737.00 kJ/mol  
13
18th Energy Level
7,086.00 kJ/mol  
33
134,810.00 kJ/mol  
1
19th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
39
145,170.00 kJ/mol  
2
20th Energy Level
708.00 kJ/mol  
33
154,700.00 kJ/mol  
4
21st Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
167,400.00 kJ/mol  
4
22nd Energy Level
708.00 kJ/mol  
27
178,100.00 kJ/mol  
3
23rd Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
189,300.00 kJ/mol  
3
24th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
26
760.40 kJ/mol  
17
25th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
28
760.40 kJ/mol  
17
26th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
760.40 kJ/mol  
17
27th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
760.40 kJ/mol  
16
28th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
32
760.40 kJ/mol  
22
29th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
33
760.40 kJ/mol  
23
30th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
760.40 kJ/mol  
17
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.11 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.10 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.42 eV  
22
5.00 eV  
9
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Solubility  
Chemical Stability, Ionization  
Atomic
Atomic Number
50  
99+
22  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2  
[Ar] 3d2 4s2  
Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100  
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Cobalt.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
50  
99+
22  
99+
Number of Neutrons
69  
99+
26  
99+
Number of Electrons
50  
99+
22  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
140.00 pm  
40
147.00 pm  
36
Covalent Radius
139.00 pm  
99+
160.00 pm  
32
Van der Waals Radius
217.00 pm  
29
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
118.71 amu  
99+
47.87 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
16.30 cm3/mol  
99+
10.64 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Indium
  
Iron
  
Next Element
Cesium
  
Nickel
  
Valence Electron Potential
83.50 (-eV)  
14
95.20 (-eV)  
10
Lattice Constant
583.18 pm  
7
295.08 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
Lattice C/A Ratio
0.68  
99+
1.26  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.37 g/cm3  
99+
4.51 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.99 g/cm3  
99+
4.11 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
15.00 MPa  
99+
434.00 MPa  
10
Viscosity
0.00  
15
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
18
0.00 (Pa)  
22
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
38
0.98 (Pa)  
14
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
18.00 GPa  
99+
44.00 GPa  
17
Bulk Modulus
58.00 GPa  
21
110.00 GPa  
15
Young's Modulus
50.00 GPa  
39
116.00 GPa  
20
Poisson Ratio
0.36  
8
0.32  
12
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Ductile  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
7.31  
99+
4,500.00  
1
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
30
0.00  
3
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Superconductor  
Poor Conductor  
Resistivity
115.00 nΩ·m  
28
420.00 nΩ·m  
12
Electrical Conductivity
0.09 106/cm Ω  
28
0.02 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
107.30 kJ/mol  
9
7.60 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K)  
28
0.52 J/(kg K)  
9
Molar Heat Capacity
27.11 J/mol·K  
26
25.06 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
66.80 W/m·K  
25
21.90 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
505.00 K  
99+
1,768.00 K  
32
Thermal Expansion
22.00 µm/(m·K)  
21
8.60 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
290.40 kJ/mol  
99+
429.00 kJ/mol  
20
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.03 kJ/mol  
99+
15.48 kJ/mol  
19
Enthalpy of Atomization
301.30 kJ/mol  
99+
468.60 kJ/mol  
20
Standard Molar Entropy
51.20 J/mol.K  
40
27.30 J/mol.K  
99+
Summary >>
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