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Tin Nickel Comparison

Tin
Nickel
Nickel Tin comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Sn   
Ni   
Group Number
14   
4
10   
8
Period Number
5   
4   
Block
p block   
d block   
Element Family
Post-​Transition   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440315   
99+
7440020   
99+
Space Group Name
I41/amd   
Fm_ 3m   
Space Group Number
141.00   
7
225.00   
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
  • Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
  
  • Zinc metal found (obtain) in many forms like granules, foil, dust and in a powder form.
  • After iron, Zinc metal the second most abundant element in the earth crust.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining   
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Unknown   
Axel Fredrik Cronstedt   
Discovery
Before 3500 BC   
In 1751   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
4 * 10-7 %   
20
6 * 10-3 %   
4
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000009 %   
19
~0.008 %   
3
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
24
1.30 %   
3
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
34
0.01 %   
15
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
26
0.00 %   
13
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
13
0.00 %   
14
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
  • Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
  
  • It has corrosion resistance and hence it is used to plate other metals.
  • Its alloys are very useful; Nichrome alloy is used in the hot coil of toasters and electric oven.
  
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry   
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
Dentistry   
NA   
Other Uses
NA   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
0.38 Blood/mg dm-3   
10
0.05 Blood/mg dm-3   
17
In Bone
1.40 p.p.m.   
16
0.70 p.p.m.   
18
Physical Properties
Melting Point
231.90 °C   
99+
1,453.00 °C   
31
Boiling Point
2,270.00 °C   
99+
2,732.00 °C   
38
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Silver   
Luster
NA   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
1.50   
18
4.00   
10
Brinell Hardness
50.00 MPa   
99+
667.00 MPa   
18
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
638.00 MPa   
16
Speed of Sound
2,730.00 m/s   
32
4,900.00 m/s   
12
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available   
72.00 %   
9
Allotropes
Yes   
No   
α Allotropes
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
White Tin (Beta Tin)   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Sn   
Ni   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35   
4
25   
14
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.96   
8
1.91   
10
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.49   
15
1.94   
10
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.72   
4
1.75   
3
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.21   
3
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
1.82   
11
1.88   
6
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.04   
99+
2.09   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol   
33
737.10 kJ/mol   
25
2nd Energy Level
1,411.80 kJ/mol   
99+
1,753.00 kJ/mol   
25
3rd Energy Level
2,943.00 kJ/mol   
30
3,395.00 kJ/mol   
17
4th Energy Level
3,930.30 kJ/mol   
99+
5,300.00 kJ/mol   
15
5th Energy Level
7,456.00 kJ/mol   
13
7,339.00 kJ/mol   
15
6th Energy Level
Not Available   
10,400.00 kJ/mol   
9
7th Energy level
Not Available   
12,800.00 kJ/mol   
10
8th Energy Level
Not Available   
15,600.00 kJ/mol   
10
9th Energy Level
Not Available   
18,600.00 kJ/mol   
10
10th Energy Level
Not Available   
21,670.00 kJ/mol   
14
11th Energy Level
Not Available   
30,970.00 kJ/mol   
7
12th Energy Level
Not Available   
34,000.00 kJ/mol   
7
13th Energy Level
Not Available   
37,100.00 kJ/mol   
7
14th Energy Level
Not Available   
41,500.00 kJ/mol   
8
15th Energy Level
Not Available   
44,800.00 kJ/mol   
10
16th Energy Level
Not Available   
48,100.00 kJ/mol   
12
17th Energy Level
Not Available   
55,101.00 kJ/mol   
11
18th Energy Level
Not Available   
58,570.00 kJ/mol   
12
19th Energy Level
Not Available   
148,700.00 kJ/mol   
1
20th Energy Level
Not Available   
159,000.00 kJ/mol   
3
21st Energy Level
Not Available   
169,400.00 kJ/mol   
3
22nd Energy Level
Not Available   
182,700.00 kJ/mol   
2
23rd Energy Level
Not Available   
194,000.00 kJ/mol   
2
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.11 g/amp-hr   
99+
1.10 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
4.42 eV   
16
5.15 eV   
2
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Solubility   
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
50   
99+
28   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2   
[Ar] 3d8 4s2 Or [Ar] 3d9 4s1   
Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)   
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Crystal Lattice
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100   
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Nickel.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
50   
99+
28   
99+
Number of Neutrons
69   
99+
31   
99+
Number of Electrons
50   
99+
28   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
140.00 pm   
38
124.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
139.00 pm   
99+
124.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
217.00 pm   
23
163.00 pm   
40
Atomic Weight
118.71 amu   
99+
58.69 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
16.30 cm3/mol   
32
6.59 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Indium
  
Cobalt
  
Next Element
Cesium
  
Copper
  
Valence Electron Potential
83.50 (-eV)   
14
42.00 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
583.18 pm   
7
352.40 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.37 g/cm3   
99+
8.91 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.99 g/cm3   
34
7.81 g/cm3   
29
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
345.00 MPa   
11
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
17
0.00 (Pa)   
31
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
19.50 (Pa)   
6
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
18.00 GPa   
36
76.00 GPa   
12
Bulk Modulus
58.00 GPa   
20
180.00 GPa   
9
Young's Modulus
50.00 GPa   
36
200.00 GPa   
11
Poisson Ratio
0.36   
8
0.31   
13
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
Ductile   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
7.31   
99+
8.90   
33
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic   
Ferromagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
0.00 H/m   
2
Susceptibility
Not Available   
600.00   
2
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Superconductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
115.00 nΩ·m   
28
69.30 nΩ·m   
39
Electrical Conductivity
0.09 106/cm Ω   
23
0.14 106/cm Ω   
13
Electron Affinity
107.30 kJ/mol   
8
112.00 kJ/mol   
6
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K)   
28
0.44 J/(kg K)   
13
Molar Heat Capacity
27.11 J/mol·K   
20
26.07 J/mol·K   
31
Thermal Conductivity
66.80 W/m·K   
25
90.90 W/m·K   
18
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
22.00 µm/(m·K)   
20
13.40 µm/(m·K)   
28
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
290.40 kJ/mol   
32
371.80 kJ/mol   
20
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.03 kJ/mol   
99+
17.57 kJ/mol   
14
Enthalpy of Atomization
301.30 kJ/mol   
35
422.60 kJ/mol   
17
Standard Molar Entropy
51.20 J/mol.K   
29
29.90 J/mol.K   
99+
Summary >>
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