Tin vs Aluminium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Sn
Al
Group Number
14
4
13
5
Period Number
5
3
Block
p block
p block
Element Family
Post-Transition
Post-Transition
CAS Number
7440315
99+
7429905
99+
Space Group Name
I41/amd
Fm_ 3m
Space Group Number
141.00
7
225.00
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
- In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
- Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
- Aluminum’s abundance percentage is more as it is found in more than 260 minerals.
- Pure Aluminum always reacts with oxygen rapidly.
- It is a good conductor of heat and electricity and used in transmission lines.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
By Electrolysis Process, Earth's crust, Mining
History
Who Discovered
Unknown
Hans Christian Oersted
Discovery
Before 3500 BC
In 1825
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
4 * 10-7 %
20
5 * 10-3 %
5
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000009 %
19
~0.006 %
5
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
24
0.91 %
5
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
34
8.10 %
1
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
26
0.00 %
6
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
13
0.00 %
10
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
- Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
- Aluminum is used in a various products; for example, cans, foils, kitchen utensils, window frames, beer kegs and aero plane parts, automobile parts, etc.
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
Dentistry
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Other Uses
NA
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
In Blood
0.38 Blood/mg dm-3
10
0.39 Blood/mg dm-3
9
In Bone
1.40 p.p.m.
16
27.00 p.p.m.
11
Physical Properties
Melting Point
231.90 °C
99+
660.37 °C
99+
Boiling Point
2,270.00 °C
99+
2,467.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery Gray
Luster
NA
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
1.50
18
2.75
13
Brinell Hardness
50.00 MPa
99+
160.00 MPa
99+
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
160.00 MPa
35
Speed of Sound
2,730.00 m/s
32
5,000.00 m/s
10
Optical Properties
Reflectivity
Not Available
71.00 %
10
Allotropes
Yes
No
α Allotropes
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)
Not Available
β Allotropes
White Tin (Beta Tin)
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Sn
Al
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
35
4
11
27
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.96
8
1.61
22
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.49
15
1.71
13
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.72
4
1.47
14
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.21
3
1.83
8
Allen Electronegativity
1.82
11
1.61
20
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.04
99+
2.39
32
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol
33
577.50 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,411.80 kJ/mol
99+
1,816.70 kJ/mol
19
3rd Energy Level
2,943.00 kJ/mol
30
2,744.80 kJ/mol
38
4th Energy Level
3,930.30 kJ/mol
99+
11,577.00 kJ/mol
3
5th Energy Level
7,456.00 kJ/mol
13
14,842.00 kJ/mol
2
6th Energy Level
Not Available
18,379.00 kJ/mol
2
7th Energy level
Not Available
23,326.00 kJ/mol
2
8th Energy Level
Not Available
27,465.00 kJ/mol
2
9th Energy Level
Not Available
31,853.00 kJ/mol
2
10th Energy Level
Not Available
38,473.00 kJ/mol
4
11th Energy Level
Not Available
42,647.00 kJ/mol
5
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.11 g/amp-hr
99+
0.34 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
4.42 eV
16
4.28 eV
19
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Solubility
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
50
99+
13
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2
[Ne] 3s2 3p1
Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Crystal Lattice
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Aluminium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
50
99+
13
99+
Number of Neutrons
69
99+
14
99+
Number of Electrons
50
99+
13
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
140.00 pm
38
143.00 pm
37
Covalent Radius
139.00 pm
99+
121.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
217.00 pm
23
184.00 pm
34
Atomic Weight
118.71 amu
99+
26.98 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
16.30 cm3/mol
32
10.00 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
83.50 (-eV)
14
80.70 (-eV)
17
Lattice Constant
583.18 pm
7
404.95 pm
22
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
7.37 g/cm3
99+
2.70 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.99 g/cm3
34
2.38 g/cm3
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available
40.00 MPa
19
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
17
0.00 (Pa)
18
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
18.00 GPa
36
26.00 GPa
29
Bulk Modulus
58.00 GPa
20
76.00 GPa
18
Young's Modulus
50.00 GPa
36
70.00 GPa
28
Poisson Ratio
0.36
8
0.35
9
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
7.31
99+
2.72
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
Permeability
Not Available
0.00 H/m
4
Susceptibility
Not Available
0.00
3
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Superconductor
Conductor
Resistivity
115.00 nΩ·m
28
28.20 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.09 106/cm Ω
23
0.38 106/cm Ω
4
Electron Affinity
107.30 kJ/mol
8
42.50 kJ/mol
26
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K)
28
0.90 J/(kg K)
5
Molar Heat Capacity
27.11 J/mol·K
20
24.20 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
66.80 W/m·K
25
237.00 W/m·K
4
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
22.00 µm/(m·K)
20
23.10 µm/(m·K)
17
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
290.40 kJ/mol
32
293.70 kJ/mol
31
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.03 kJ/mol
99+
10.67 kJ/mol
35
Enthalpy of Atomization
301.30 kJ/mol
35
322.20 kJ/mol
31
Standard Molar Entropy
51.20 J/mol.K
29
28.30 J/mol.K
99+
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