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Tin vs Lithium

Tin
Lithium
Lithium vs Tin


Periodic Table
Symbol
Sn  
Li  
Group Number
14  
4
1  
17
Period Number
5  
2  
Block
p block  
s block  
Element Family
Post-​Transition  
Alkali  
CAS Number
7440315  
99+
7439932  
99+
Space Group Name
I41/amd  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
141.00  
10
229.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
  • Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
  
  • Heat capacity of Lithium is very high.
  • Lithium inflammable and highly explosive metal, hence it has to be stored properly.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining  
Found in Minerals, Mining  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
-  
Johan August Arfwedson  
Discovery
Before 3500 BC  
In 1817  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
21
0.00 %  
19
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
19
0.00 %  
11
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
22
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
34
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
26
0.00 %  
15
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
15
0.00 %  
19
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
  • Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
  
  • The main usage of Lithium is manufacturing rechargeable batteries for electronic equipment and gadgets.
  • it is also used in manufacturing non-rechargeable batteries.
  
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
Dentistry  
-  
Other Uses
-  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
-  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.38 Blood/mg dm-3  
10
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
27
In Bone
1.40 p.p.m.  
17
1.30 p.p.m.  
18
Physical
Melting Point
231.90 °C  
99+
180.54 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
2,270.00 °C  
99+
1,347.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Silvery White  
Luster
-  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
1.50  
19
0.60  
23
Brinell Hardness
50.00 MPa  
99+
5.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
50.00 MPa  
99+
5.30 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
2,730.00 m/s  
99+
6,000.00 m/s  
6
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.40  
7
1.35  
99+
Reflectivity
51.00 %  
30
95.00 %  
2
Allotropes
Yes  
No  
α Allotropes
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)  
-  
β Allotropes
White Tin (Beta Tin)  
-  
γ Allotropes
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Sn  
Li  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35  
4
8  
30
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.96  
9
0.98  
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.49  
19
0.89  
99+
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.72  
5
0.97  
39
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.21  
5
0.97  
99+
Allen Electronegativity
1.82  
14
0.91  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.04  
99+
3.02  
8
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
33
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,411.80 kJ/mol  
99+
7,298.10 kJ/mol  
3
3rd Energy Level
2,943.00 kJ/mol  
30
11,815.00 kJ/mol  
4
4th Energy Level
3,930.30 kJ/mol  
99+
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
7,456.00 kJ/mol  
21
5,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
39
5,202.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
35
730.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
32
5,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
36
520.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
34
5,202.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
31
5,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
70,800.00 kJ/mol  
27
52,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
70,800.00 kJ/mol  
22
52,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
7,086.00 kJ/mol  
33
520.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
39
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
708.00 kJ/mol  
33
520.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
708.00 kJ/mol  
27
520.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
26
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
28
520.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
32
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
33
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
520.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.11 g/amp-hr  
99+
0.26 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.42 eV  
22
2.90 eV  
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Solubility  
Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Atomic
Atomic Number
50  
99+
3  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2  
[He] 2s1  
Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
50  
99+
3  
99+
Number of Neutrons
69  
99+
4  
99+
Number of Electrons
50  
99+
3  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
140.00 pm  
40
152.00 pm  
33
Covalent Radius
139.00 pm  
99+
128.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
217.00 pm  
29
182.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
118.71 amu  
99+
6.94 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
16.30 cm3/mol  
99+
13.10 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Indium
  
No Previous Element  
Next Element
Cesium
  
Beryllium
  
Valence Electron Potential
83.50 (-eV)  
14
19.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
583.18 pm  
7
351.00 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
0.68  
99+
1.62  
16
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.37 g/cm3  
99+
0.53 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.99 g/cm3  
99+
0.51 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
15.00 MPa  
99+
60.00 MPa  
35
Viscosity
0.00  
15
0.00  
10
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
18
109.00 (Pa)  
2
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
38
0.00 (Pa)  
30
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
18.00 GPa  
99+
4.20 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
58.00 GPa  
21
11.00 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
50.00 GPa  
39
4.90 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.36  
8
0.36  
8
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
7.31  
99+
0.53  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
11
Susceptibility
0.00  
30
0.00  
16
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Superconductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
115.00 nΩ·m  
28
92.80 nΩ·m  
33
Electrical Conductivity
0.09 106/cm Ω  
28
0.11 106/cm Ω  
22
Electron Affinity
107.30 kJ/mol  
9
59.60 kJ/mol  
20
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K)  
28
3.60 J/(kg K)  
1
Molar Heat Capacity
27.11 J/mol·K  
26
24.86 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
66.80 W/m·K  
25
84.80 W/m·K  
20
Critical Temperature
505.00 K  
99+
3,223.00 K  
5
Thermal Expansion
22.00 µm/(m·K)  
21
46.00 µm/(m·K)  
7
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
290.40 kJ/mol  
99+
134.70 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.03 kJ/mol  
99+
3.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
301.30 kJ/mol  
99+
160.70 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
51.20 J/mol.K  
40
29.10 J/mol.K  
99+
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