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Titanium vs Tantalum

Titanium
Tantalum
Tantalum vs Titanium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ti  
Ta  
Group Number
4  
14
5  
13
Period Number
4  
6  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440326  
99+
7440257  
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
194.00  
5
229.00  
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • The only metal which burns in Nitrogen is Titanium.
  • Titanium is also known as corrosion resistant metal.
  
  • Tantalum metal is known as corrosion resistance.
  • Tantalum metal can easily fabricated and It is a good conductor of heat and electricity.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
W. Gregor & J. Berzelius  
Anders Gustaf Ekeberg  
Discovery
In 1791  
In 1802  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-4 %  
9
8 * 10-9 %  
31
Abundance In Sun
~0.0004 %  
9
~-9999 %  
Abundance In Meteorites
0.05 %  
11
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.66 %  
7
0.00 %  
37
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
15
0.00 %  
31
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Its alloys are used in spacecraft, aircraft and ammunition industry.
  • Its pipes are used in distillation plants, submarines, hulls of big ships, etc.
  
  • Tantalum metal is mainly used in the manufacturing of electron components. Its Oxide layer acts as an insulator.
  • Tantalum metal is also used in surgical transplant like replacement of bone, skull plates and as a woven gauze.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
NA  
Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Low Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.05 Blood/mg dm-3  
16
Not Available  
In Bone
Not Available  
0.03 p.p.m.  
28
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,660.00 °C  
18
2,996.00 °C  
4
Boiling Point
3,287.00 °C  
22
5,425.00 °C  
4
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery Gray-White  
Gray Blue  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00  
6
6.50  
5
Brinell Hardness
716.00 MPa  
15
440.00 MPa  
28
Vickers Hardness
830.00 MPa  
14
870.00 MPa  
12
Speed of Sound
5,090.00 m/s  
9
3,400.00 m/s  
22
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available  
78.00 %  
6
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
β Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
γ Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ti  
Ta  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
23  
16
31  
8
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.54  
26
1.50  
27
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.09  
20
Not Available  
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.32  
23
1.33  
22
Allen Electronegativity
1.38  
32
1.34  
33
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.46  
28
2.50  
27
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
658.80 kJ/mol  
39
761.00 kJ/mol  
18
2nd Energy Level
1,309.80 kJ/mol  
99+
1,500.00 kJ/mol  
40
3rd Energy Level
2,652.50 kJ/mol  
99+
Not Available  
4th Energy Level
4,174.60 kJ/mol  
32
Not Available  
5th Energy Level
9,581.00 kJ/mol  
5
Not Available  
6th Energy Level
11,533.00 kJ/mol  
6
Not Available  
7th Energy level
13,590.00 kJ/mol  
6
Not Available  
8th Energy Level
16,440.00 kJ/mol  
8
Not Available  
9th Energy Level
18,530.00 kJ/mol  
11
Not Available  
10th Energy Level
20,833.00 kJ/mol  
15
Not Available  
11th Energy Level
25,575.00 kJ/mol  
14
Not Available  
12th Energy Level
28,125.00 kJ/mol  
14
Not Available  
13th Energy Level
76,015.00 kJ/mol  
1
Not Available  
14th Energy Level
83,280.00 kJ/mol  
2
Not Available  
15th Energy Level
90,880.00 kJ/mol  
3
Not Available  
16th Energy Level
100,700.00 kJ/mol  
4
Not Available  
17th Energy Level
109,100.00 kJ/mol  
5
Not Available  
18th Energy Level
117,800.00 kJ/mol  
6
Not Available  
19th Energy Level
129,900.00 kJ/mol  
7
Not Available  
20th Energy Level
137,530.00 kJ/mol  
9
Not Available  
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.45 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.35 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.33 eV  
17
4.25 eV  
21
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization  
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
22  
99+
73  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d2 4s2  
[Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Titanium.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
22  
99+
73  
99+
Number of Neutrons
26  
99+
108  
28
Number of Electrons
22  
99+
73  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
147.00 pm  
34
146.00 pm  
35
Covalent Radius
160.00 pm  
30
170.00 pm  
25
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
28
200.00 pm  
28
Atomic Weight
47.87 amu  
99+
180.95 amu  
38
Atomic Volume
10.64 cm3/mol  
99+
10.90 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Scandium
  
Hafnium
  
Next Element
Vanadium
  
Tungsten
  
Valence Electron Potential
95.20 (-eV)  
10
110.00 (-eV)  
7
Lattice Constant
295.08 pm  
99+
330.13 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available  
Not Available  
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
4.51 g/cm3  
99+
16.69 g/cm3  
18
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
4.11 g/cm3  
99+
15.00 g/cm3  
9
Tensile Strength
434.00 MPa  
9
Not Available  
Viscosity
Not Available  
Not Available  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.98 (Pa)  
14
0.00 (Pa)  
31
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
44.00 GPa  
17
69.00 GPa  
13
Bulk Modulus
110.00 GPa  
15
200.00 GPa  
8
Young's Modulus
116.00 GPa  
18
186.00 GPa  
13
Poisson Ratio
0.32  
12
0.34  
10
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile  
Ductile  
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
4.51  
99+
16.65  
11
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
420.00 nΩ·m  
12
131.00 nΩ·m  
25
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.08 106/cm Ω  
27
Electron Affinity
7.60 kJ/mol  
37
31.00 kJ/mol  
29
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.52 J/(kg K)  
9
0.14 J/(kg K)  
37
Molar Heat Capacity
25.06 J/mol·K  
99+
25.36 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
21.90 W/m·K  
99+
57.50 W/m·K  
27
Critical Temperature
Not Available  
Not Available  
Thermal Expansion
8.60 µm/(m·K)  
99+
6.30 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
429.00 kJ/mol  
15
753.10 kJ/mol  
2
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.48 kJ/mol  
19
31.40 kJ/mol  
3
Enthalpy of Atomization
468.60 kJ/mol  
15
782.00 kJ/mol  
3
Standard Molar Entropy
27.30 J/mol.K  
99+
41.50 J/mol.K  
37
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