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Yttrium Bismuth Comparison

Yttrium
Bismuth
Bismuth Yttrium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Y   
Bi   
Group Number
3   
15
15   
3
Period Number
5   
6   
Block
d block   
p block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Post-​Transition   
CAS Number
7440655   
25
7440699   
22
Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
C12/m1   
Space Group Number
194.00   
5
12.00   
12
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Yttrium Metal is highly toxic.
  • Yttrium Metal is highly reactive in nature hence not found free in nature.
  
  • Bismuth metal is soluble and reacts with concentrated nitric acid.
  • It oxides are used as a yellow pigment in paint. Bismuth chloride oxide BiClO gives a pearly texture to cosmetics.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Johan Gadolin   
Claude François Geoffroy   
Discovery
In 1794   
In 1753   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
7 * 10-7 %   
17
7 * 10-8 %   
25
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %   
26
~0.000006 %   
14
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
21
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
22
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
25
0.00 %   
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Yttrium metal is used in different alloys, as it increases the strength of aluminum Magnesium alloy. It is used for radar microwave filter.
  • It is also used as a catalyst in ethene polymerisation.
  
  • Tin and bismuth alloys have a very low melting point and hence it is used in fire detector and the fire extinguishers. It also used in electric solders and fuses.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Pharmaceutical Industry   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic   
Low Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
26
0.02 Blood/mg dm-3   
20
In Bone
0.07 p.p.m.   
25
0.20 p.p.m.   
22
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,523.00 °C   
27
271.30 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
3,337.00 °C   
21
1,560.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Silver   
Luster
NA   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
2.25   
15
Brinell Hardness
589.00 MPa   
22
70.00 MPa   
99+
Speed of Sound
3,300.00 m/s   
23
1,790.00 m/s   
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Y   
Bi   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
19   
20
33   
6
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.22   
38
2.02   
6
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.65   
29
2.34   
3
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.11   
29
1.67   
6
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.15   
4
Allen Electronegativity
1.12   
38
2.01   
4
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.78   
16
1.98   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol   
99+
703.00 kJ/mol   
35
2nd Energy Level
1,180.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,610.00 kJ/mol   
33
3rd Energy Level
1,980.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,466.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
5,847.00 kJ/mol   
10
4,370.00 kJ/mol   
28
5th Energy Level
7,430.00 kJ/mol   
14
5,400.00 kJ/mol   
30
6th Energy Level
8,970.00 kJ/mol   
17
8,520.00 kJ/mol   
19
7th Energy level
11,190.00 kJ/mol   
18
Not Available   
8th Energy Level
12,450.00 kJ/mol   
18
Not Available   
9th Energy Level
14,110.00 kJ/mol   
19
Not Available   
10th Energy Level
18,400.00 kJ/mol   
17
Not Available   
11th Energy Level
19,900.00 kJ/mol   
18
Not Available   
12th Energy Level
36,090.00 kJ/mol   
5
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.11 g/amp-hr   
99+
2.60 g/amp-hr   
19
Electron Work Function
3.10 eV   
35
4.22 eV   
22
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
39   
99+
83   
33
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d1 5s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3   
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Rhombohedral (RHO)   
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Yttrium.jpg#100   
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Bismuth.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
39   
99+
83   
33
Number of Neutrons
50   
99+
126   
18
Number of Electrons
39   
99+
83   
33
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
180.00 pm   
14
156.00 pm   
29
Covalent Radius
190.00 pm   
18
148.00 pm   
36
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
207.00 pm   
26
Atomic Weight
88.91 amu   
99+
208.98 amu   
29
Atomic Volume
19.80 cm3/mol   
21
21.30 cm3/mol   
14
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Strontium
  
Lead
  
Next Element
Zirconium
  
Polonium
  
Valence Electron Potential
48.00 (-eV)   
30
41.90 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
364.74 pm   
31
667.40 pm   
2
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
NA   
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.57   
16
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
4.47 g/cm3   
99+
9.78 g/cm3   
39
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
4.24 g/cm3   
99+
10.05 g/cm3   
18
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
32
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
4.27 (Pa)   
10
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
25.60 GPa   
30
12.00 GPa   
99+
Bulk Modulus
41.20 GPa   
30
31.00 GPa   
38
Young's Modulus
63.50 GPa   
32
32.00 GPa   
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.24   
26
0.33   
11
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
4.47   
99+
9.79   
30
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
0.00 H/m   
6
Susceptibility
Not Available   
0.00   
6
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Semiconductor   
Resistivity
596.00 nΩ·m   
8
1.29 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
29.60 kJ/mol   
30
91.20 kJ/mol   
11
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.30 J/(kg K)   
18
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
Molar Heat Capacity
26.53 J/mol·K   
27
25.52 J/mol·K   
37
Thermal Conductivity
17.20 W/m·K   
99+
7.97 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
10.60 µm/(m·K)   
37
13.40 µm/(m·K)   
28
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
393.00 kJ/mol   
18
151.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
17.15 kJ/mol   
16
10.90 kJ/mol   
33
Enthalpy of Atomization
418.00 kJ/mol   
18
207.10 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
44.40 J/mol.K   
33
56.70 J/mol.K   
24
Summary >>
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