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Yttrium vs Manganese

Yttrium
Manganese
Manganese vs Yttrium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Y   
Mn   
Group Number
3   
15
7   
11
Period Number
5   
4   
Block
d block   
d block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440655   
25
7439965   
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
I_ 43m   
Space Group Number
194.00   
5
217.00   
4
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Yttrium Metal is highly toxic.
  • Yttrium Metal is highly reactive in nature hence not found free in nature.
  
  • Manganese is an essential trace element in all forms of life.
  • Manganese metal oxidizes very easily, but it does not fuse that easily.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Johan Gadolin   
Johann Gottlieb Gahn   
Discovery
In 1794   
In 1774   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
7 * 10-7 %   
17
8 * 10-4 %   
8
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %   
26
~0.001 %   
8
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
21
0.27 %   
8
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
22
0.11 %   
8
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
25
0.00 %   
13
Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
13
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Yttrium metal is used in different alloys, as it increases the strength of aluminum Magnesium alloy. It is used for radar microwave filter.
  • It is also used as a catalyst in ethene polymerisation.
  
  • This metal is very brittle hence it mostly not used as a pure metal, but its alloys are very useful
  • Its alloy Manganese steel is extremely strong and used in railway tracks, safes, prison bars and riffle barrels.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic   
Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
26
0.08 Blood/mg dm-3   
14
In Bone
0.07 p.p.m.   
25
100.00 p.p.m.   
8
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,523.00 °C   
27
1,245.00 °C   
37
Boiling Point
3,337.00 °C   
21
1,962.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Silver   
Luster
NA   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
6.00   
6
Brinell Hardness
589.00 MPa   
22
196.00 MPa   
99+
Speed of Sound
3,300.00 m/s   
23
5,150.00 m/s   
7
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Y   
Mn   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
19   
20
21   
18
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.22   
38
1.55   
25
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.65   
29
2.20   
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.11   
29
1.60   
9
Allen Electronegativity
1.12   
38
1.75   
15
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.78   
16
2.45   
29
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol   
99+
717.30 kJ/mol   
30
2nd Energy Level
1,180.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,509.00 kJ/mol   
39
3rd Energy Level
1,980.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3,248.00 kJ/mol   
21
4th Energy Level
5,847.00 kJ/mol   
10
4,940.00 kJ/mol   
20
5th Energy Level
7,430.00 kJ/mol   
14
6,990.00 kJ/mol   
17
6th Energy Level
8,970.00 kJ/mol   
17
9,220.00 kJ/mol   
16
7th Energy level
11,190.00 kJ/mol   
18
11,500.00 kJ/mol   
16
8th Energy Level
12,450.00 kJ/mol   
18
18,770.00 kJ/mol   
5
9th Energy Level
14,110.00 kJ/mol   
19
21,400.00 kJ/mol   
6
10th Energy Level
18,400.00 kJ/mol   
17
23,960.00 kJ/mol   
9
11th Energy Level
19,900.00 kJ/mol   
18
27,590.00 kJ/mol   
10
12th Energy Level
36,090.00 kJ/mol   
5
30,330.00 kJ/mol   
10
13th Energy Level
Not Available   
33,150.00 kJ/mol   
11
14th Energy Level
Not Available   
38,880.00 kJ/mol   
10
15th Energy Level
Not Available   
41,987.00 kJ/mol   
13
16th Energy Level
Not Available   
109,480.00 kJ/mol   
1
17th Energy Level
Not Available   
118,100.00 kJ/mol   
2
18th Energy Level
Not Available   
127,100.00 kJ/mol   
3
19th Energy Level
Not Available   
138,600.00 kJ/mol   
4
20th Energy Level
Not Available   
148,500.00 kJ/mol   
6
21st Energy Level
Not Available   
158,600.00 kJ/mol   
6
22nd Energy Level
Not Available   
172,500.00 kJ/mol   
5
23rd Energy Level
Not Available   
181,380.00 kJ/mol   
5
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.11 g/amp-hr   
99+
0.29 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
3.10 eV   
35
4.10 eV   
25
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
39   
99+
25   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d1 5s2   
[Ar] 3d5 4s2   
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Yttrium.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
39   
99+
25   
99+
Number of Neutrons
50   
99+
30   
99+
Number of Electrons
39   
99+
25   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
180.00 pm   
14
127.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
190.00 pm   
18
139.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
88.91 amu   
99+
54.94 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
19.80 cm3/mol   
21
1.39 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Strontium
  
Chromium
  
Next Element
Zirconium
  
Iron
  
Valence Electron Potential
48.00 (-eV)   
30
220.00 (-eV)   
2
Lattice Constant
364.74 pm   
31
891.25 pm   
1
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.57   
16
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
4.47 g/cm3   
99+
7.21 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
4.24 g/cm3   
99+
5.95 g/cm3   
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
32
0.00 (Pa)   
12
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
4.27 (Pa)   
10
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
25.60 GPa   
30
Not Available   
Bulk Modulus
41.20 GPa   
30
120.00 GPa   
14
Young's Modulus
63.50 GPa   
32
198.00 GPa   
12
Poisson Ratio
0.24   
26
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
4.47   
99+
7.21   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
596.00 nΩ·m   
8
1.44 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
29.60 kJ/mol   
30
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.30 J/(kg K)   
18
0.48 J/(kg K)   
11
Molar Heat Capacity
26.53 J/mol·K   
27
26.32 J/mol·K   
29
Thermal Conductivity
17.20 W/m·K   
99+
7.81 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
10.60 µm/(m·K)   
37
21.70 µm/(m·K)   
21
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
393.00 kJ/mol   
18
219.70 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
17.15 kJ/mol   
16
14.64 kJ/mol   
23
Enthalpy of Atomization
418.00 kJ/mol   
18
280.30 kJ/mol   
38
Standard Molar Entropy
44.40 J/mol.K   
33
32.00 J/mol.K   
99+
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