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Yttrium vs Neptunium


Neptunium vs Yttrium


Periodic Table

Symbol
Y   
Np   

Group Number
3   
15
Not Available   

Period Number
5   
7   

Block
d block   
f block   

Element Family
Transition Metal   
Actinide   

CAS Number
7440655   
25
7439998   
99+

Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
Pnma   

Space Group Number
194.00   
5
62.00   
11

Facts

Interesting Facts
  • Yttrium Metal is highly toxic.
  • Yttrium Metal is highly reactive in nature hence not found free in nature.
  
Not Available   

Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Made by Bombarding Uranium with Neutrons, Ores of metals   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
Johan Gadolin   
Edwin McMillan and Philip H. Abelson   

Discovery
In 1794   
In 1940   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
7 * 10-7 %   
17
Not Available   

Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %   
26
~-9999 %   

Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
21
Not Available   

Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
22
Not Available   

Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
25
Not Available   

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • Yttrium metal is used in different alloys, as it increases the strength of aluminum Magnesium alloy. It is used for radar microwave filter.
  • It is also used as a catalyst in ethene polymerisation.
  
  • Currently known uses of Neptunium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  • Neptunium’s isotope neptunium-237 is used as a neutron detectors.
  

Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
NA   

Medical Uses
NA   
NA   

Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes   

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
Highly Toxic   
Toxic   

Present in Human Body
Yes   
No   

In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
26
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37

In Bone
0.07 p.p.m.   
25
0.00 p.p.m.   
36

Physical Properties

Melting Point
1,523.00 °C   
27
640.00 °C   
99+

Boiling Point
3,337.00 °C   
21
3,902.00 °C   
13

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid   
Solid   

Color
Silvery White   
Silver   

Luster
NA   
Metallic   

Hardness
  
  

Brinell Hardness
589.00 MPa   
22
Not Available   

Speed of Sound
3,300.00 m/s   
23
Not Available   

Optical Properties
  
  

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Y   
Np   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
19   
20
20   
19

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
1.22   
38
1.36   
29

Sanderson Electronegativity
0.65   
29
Not Available   

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.11   
29
1.22   
26

Allen Electronegativity
1.12   
38
Not Available   

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
2.78   
16
2.64   
25

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol   
99+
604.50 kJ/mol   
99+

2nd Energy Level
1,180.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,128.00 kJ/mol   
99+

3rd Energy Level
1,980.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,997.00 kJ/mol   
99+

4th Energy Level
5,847.00 kJ/mol   
10
3,242.00 kJ/mol   
99+

5th Energy Level
7,430.00 kJ/mol   
14
Not Available   

6th Energy Level
8,970.00 kJ/mol   
17
Not Available   

7th Energy level
11,190.00 kJ/mol   
18
Not Available   

8th Energy Level
12,450.00 kJ/mol   
18
Not Available   

9th Energy Level
14,110.00 kJ/mol   
19
Not Available   

10th Energy Level
18,400.00 kJ/mol   
17
Not Available   

11th Energy Level
19,900.00 kJ/mol   
18
Not Available   

12th Energy Level
36,090.00 kJ/mol   
5
Not Available   

Electrochemical Equivalent
1.11 g/amp-hr   
99+
1.77 g/amp-hr   
39

Electron Work Function
3.10 eV   
35
Not Available   

Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
39   
99+
93   
25

Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d1 5s2   
[Rn] 5f4 6d1 7s2   

Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Orthorhombic (ORTH)   

Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Yttrium.jpg#100   
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Neptunium.jpg#100   

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
39   
99+
93   
25

Number of Neutrons
50   
99+
144   
14

Number of Electrons
39   
99+
93   
25

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
180.00 pm   
14
155.00 pm   
30

Covalent Radius
190.00 pm   
18
190.00 pm   
18

Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
221.00 pm   
22

Atomic Weight
88.91 amu   
99+
237.00 amu   
22

Atomic Volume
19.80 cm3/mol   
21
11.62 cm3/mol   
99+

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
Strontium
  
Uranium
  

Next Element
Zirconium
  
Plutonium
  

Valence Electron Potential
48.00 (-eV)   
30
96.00 (-eV)   
9

Lattice Constant
364.74 pm   
31
666.30 pm   
3

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   

Lattice C/A Ratio
1.57   
16
Not Available   

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
4.47 g/cm3   
99+
19.38 g/cm3   
14

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
4.24 g/cm3   
99+
Not Available   

Tensile Strength
Not Available   
125.00 MPa   
14

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
32
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
4.27 (Pa)   
10
0.11 (Pa)   
17

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
25.60 GPa   
30
Not Available   

Bulk Modulus
41.20 GPa   
30
Not Available   

Young's Modulus
63.50 GPa   
32
Not Available   

Poisson Ratio
0.24   
26
Not Available   

Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile   
Ductile   

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
4.47   
99+
20.25   
6

Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   

Electrical Properties
  
  

Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   

Resistivity
596.00 nΩ·m   
8
1.22 nΩ·m   
99+

Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+

Electron Affinity
29.60 kJ/mol   
30
Not Available   

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
0.30 J/(kg K)   
18
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40

Molar Heat Capacity
26.53 J/mol·K   
27
29.46 J/mol·K   
8

Thermal Conductivity
17.20 W/m·K   
99+
6.30 W/m·K   
99+

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Expansion
10.60 µm/(m·K)   
37
Not Available   

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
393.00 kJ/mol   
18
Not Available   

Enthalpy of Fusion
17.15 kJ/mol   
16
3.20 kJ/mol   
99+

Enthalpy of Atomization
418.00 kJ/mol   
18
Not Available   

Standard Molar Entropy
44.40 J/mol.K   
33
Not Available   

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