Yttrium vs Uranium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Y
U
Group Number
3
15
0
18
Period Number
5
7
Block
d block
f block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Actinide
CAS Number
7440655
25
7440611
28
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Cmcm
Space Group Number
194.00
5
63.00
10
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Yttrium Metal is highly toxic.
- Yttrium Metal is highly reactive in nature hence not found free in nature.
- Major mining countries of Uranium include Russia, Australia, Namibia, Canada and Niger and total 33% Uranium are mine in Kazakhstan.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Johan Gadolin
Not Available
Discovery
In 1794
In 1789
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
7 * 10-7 %
17
2 * 10-8 %
29
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %
26
~0.0000001 %
26
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
21
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
22
0.00 %
36
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
25
0.00 %
11
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Yttrium metal is used in different alloys, as it increases the strength of aluminum Magnesium alloy. It is used for radar microwave filter.
- It is also used as a catalyst in ethene polymerisation.
- The main use of this metal include nuclear fuel which is used to generate electricity yin nuclear power stations.
- Synthetic elements like transuranium are made from Uranium metal.
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Jewellery, Nuclear Reactor's Fuel, Sculptures, Statues
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Highly Toxic
Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
No
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
26
Not Available
In Bone
0.07 p.p.m.
25
Not Available
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,523.00 °C
27
1,132.00 °C
39
Boiling Point
3,337.00 °C
21
3,818.00 °C
16
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery Gray
Luster
NA
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
6.00
6
Brinell Hardness
589.00 MPa
22
2,350.00 MPa
2
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
1,960.00 MPa
2
Speed of Sound
3,300.00 m/s
23
3,155.00 m/s
25
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Y
U
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
19
20
25
14
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.22
38
1.38
28
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.65
29
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.11
29
1.22
26
Allen Electronegativity
1.12
38
Not Available
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.78
16
2.62
26
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol
99+
597.60 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,180.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,420.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,980.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,900.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
5,847.00 kJ/mol
10
3,145.00 kJ/mol
99+
5th Energy Level
7,430.00 kJ/mol
14
Not Available
6th Energy Level
8,970.00 kJ/mol
17
Not Available
7th Energy level
11,190.00 kJ/mol
18
Not Available
8th Energy Level
12,450.00 kJ/mol
18
Not Available
9th Energy Level
14,110.00 kJ/mol
19
Not Available
10th Energy Level
18,400.00 kJ/mol
17
Not Available
11th Energy Level
19,900.00 kJ/mol
18
Not Available
12th Energy Level
36,090.00 kJ/mol
5
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.11 g/amp-hr
99+
1.48 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
3.10 eV
35
3.63 eV
30
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
39
99+
92
26
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d1 5s2
[Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Orthorhombic (ORTH)
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Yttrium.jpg#100
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Uranium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
39
99+
92
26
Number of Neutrons
50
99+
146
13
Number of Electrons
39
99+
92
26
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
180.00 pm
14
156.00 pm
29
Covalent Radius
190.00 pm
18
196.00 pm
14
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm
28
186.00 pm
33
Atomic Weight
88.91 amu
99+
238.03 amu
21
Atomic Volume
19.80 cm3/mol
21
12.59 cm3/mol
40
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
48.00 (-eV)
30
170.00 (-eV)
4
Lattice Constant
364.74 pm
31
295.08 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.57
16
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
4.47 g/cm3
99+
19.10 g/cm3
17
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
4.24 g/cm3
99+
17.30 g/cm3
7
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
32
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
4.27 (Pa)
10
0.01 (Pa)
20
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
25.60 GPa
30
111.00 GPa
10
Bulk Modulus
41.20 GPa
30
100.00 GPa
16
Young's Modulus
63.50 GPa
32
208.00 GPa
10
Poisson Ratio
0.24
26
0.23
30
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
4.47
99+
18.80
10
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Poor Conductor
Resistivity
596.00 nΩ·m
8
0.28 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
0.04 106/cm Ω
37
Electron Affinity
29.60 kJ/mol
30
Not Available
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.30 J/(kg K)
18
0.12 J/(kg K)
40
Molar Heat Capacity
26.53 J/mol·K
27
27.67 J/mol·K
15
Thermal Conductivity
17.20 W/m·K
99+
27.50 W/m·K
40
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
10.60 µm/(m·K)
37
13.90 µm/(m·K)
27
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
393.00 kJ/mol
18
477.00 kJ/mol
13
Enthalpy of Fusion
17.15 kJ/mol
16
15.48 kJ/mol
19
Enthalpy of Atomization
418.00 kJ/mol
18
489.50 kJ/mol
14
Standard Molar Entropy
44.40 J/mol.K
33
50.20 J/mol.K
31
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