Zirconium Technetium Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Zr
Tc
Group Number
4
14
7
11
Period Number
5
5
Block
d block
d block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440677
23
7440268
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
194.00
5
194.00
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Zirconium metal can resist to weak acids.
- Zirconium metal reacts with oxygen and nitrogen in the atmosphere.
- Original name of Technetium was Masurium.
- At the time of its discovery it found in sample of Molybdenum.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Made by Bombarding Molybdenum with Deuterons
History
Who Discovered
Martin Heinrich Klaproth
Emilio Segrè and Carlo Perriero
Discovery
In 1789
In 1937
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-6 %
13
Not Available
Abundance In Sun
~0.000004 %
16
~-9999 %
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
17
Not Available
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.01 %
14
Not Available
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
23
Not Available
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
15
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- As this metal does not absorb neutrons; It is used in nuclear power stations.
- Its oxide is used in ultra strong ceramics. It is also used in manufacturing Crucibles.
- Technetium is a radioactive metal and hence it is used for medical studies and other research purposes.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry
NA
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
Biological Properties
Toxicity
NA
Low Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
No
In Blood
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3
21
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
In Bone
0.10 p.p.m.
23
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,852.00 °C
15
2,200.00 °C
9
Boiling Point
4,377.00 °C
11
4,877.00 °C
7
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Shiny Gray
Luster
Lustrous
NA
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
5.00
8
Not Available
Brinell Hardness
638.00 MPa
19
Not Available
Vickers Hardness
820.00 MPa
15
Not Available
Speed of Sound
3,800.00 m/s
20
16,200.00 m/s
1
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Zr
Tc
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
24
15
18
21
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.33
30
1.90
11
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.90
25
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22
26
1.36
20
Allen Electronegativity
1.32
34
1.51
28
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.67
24
2.10
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
640.10 kJ/mol
99+
702.00 kJ/mol
36
2nd Energy Level
1,270.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,470.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,218.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,850.00 kJ/mol
33
4th Energy Level
3,313.00 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
5th Energy Level
7,752.00 kJ/mol
10
Not Available
6th Energy Level
9,500.00 kJ/mol
15
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.85 g/amp-hr
99+
0.52 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
4.05 eV
26
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
40
99+
43
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d2 5s2
[Kr] 4d5 5s2
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Zirconium.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Technetium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
40
99+
43
99+
Number of Neutrons
51
99+
55
99+
Number of Electrons
40
99+
43
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
160.00 pm
27
136.00 pm
99+
Covalent Radius
175.00 pm
23
147.00 pm
37
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm
28
200.00 pm
28
Atomic Weight
91.22 amu
99+
98.00 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
14.10 cm3/mol
36
8.50 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
80.00 (-eV)
18
180.00 (-eV)
3
Lattice Constant
323.20 pm
99+
273.50 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.59
8
1.60
5
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
6.52 g/cm3
99+
11.00 g/cm3
34
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.80 g/cm3
99+
Not Available
Tensile Strength
330.00 MPa
12
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)
21
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
33.00 GPa
20
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
91.10 GPa
17
Not Available
Young's Modulus
88.00 GPa
22
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
0.34
10
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
6.51
99+
11.50
24
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
421.00 nΩ·m
11
200.00 nΩ·m
18
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
0.07 106/cm Ω
30
Electron Affinity
41.10 kJ/mol
27
53.00 kJ/mol
18
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.27 J/(kg K)
19
0.21 J/(kg K)
29
Molar Heat Capacity
25.36 J/mol·K
99+
24.27 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
22.60 W/m·K
99+
50.60 W/m·K
30
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
5.70 µm/(m·K)
99+
7.10 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
581.60 kJ/mol
9
660.00 kJ/mol
6
Enthalpy of Fusion
20.90 kJ/mol
11
23.01 kJ/mol
9
Enthalpy of Atomization
598.00 kJ/mol
10
649.00 kJ/mol
8
Standard Molar Entropy
39.00 J/mol.K
39
181.10 J/mol.K
2
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