Element Family
Post-Transition
Alkali
Space Group Name
C12/m1
Im_ 3m
Interesting Facts
- Bismuth metal is soluble and reacts with concentrated nitric acid.
- It oxides are used as a yellow pigment in paint. Bismuth chloride oxide BiClO gives a pearly texture to cosmetics.
- Rubidium metal is 16th most common element found in the earth crust.
- Rubidium metal also found in minerals as well as seawater.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Obtained from Lithium Production.
Who Discovered
Claude François Geoffroy
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff
Discovery
In 1753
In 1861
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
Uses & Benefits
- Tin and bismuth alloys have a very low melting point and hence it is used in fire detector and the fire extinguishers. It also used in electric solders and fuses.
- Rubidium's main application is in the glass manufacturing.
- Rubidium can very easily get ionized and hence it is used for ion engines, but it is still less efficient than that of Caesium.
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
NA
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Research Purposes
Toxicity
Low Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silver
Grayish White
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Pauling Electropositivity
7th Energy level
Not Available
8th Energy Level
Not Available
9th Energy Level
Not Available
10th Energy Level
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3
[Kr] 5s1
Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Bismuth.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Valence Electron Potential
Lattice Angles
NA
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Density At Room Temperature
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Shear Modulus
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
Permeability
Not Available
Susceptibility
Not Available
Electrical Property
Semiconductor
Conductor
Critical Temperature
Not Available