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Bismuth vs Radium

Bismuth
Radium
Radium vs Bismuth


Periodic Table
Symbol
Bi   
Ra   
Group Number
15   
3
2   
16
Period Number
6   
7   
Block
p block   
s block   
Element Family
Post-​Transition   
Alkaline Earth   
CAS Number
7440699   
22
7440144   
99+
Space Group Name
C12/m1   
Im_ 3m   
Space Group Number
12.00   
12
229.00   
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Bismuth metal is soluble and reacts with concentrated nitric acid.
  • It oxides are used as a yellow pigment in paint. Bismuth chloride oxide BiClO gives a pearly texture to cosmetics.
  
  • Radium metal is the heaviest metal of Alkaline earth metals column.
  • Radium metal is highly radioactive and does not have any stable isotopes.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Mining, Ores of metals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Claude François Geoffroy   
Not Available   
Discovery
In 1753   
In 1898   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
7 * 10-8 %   
25
Not Available   
Abundance In Sun
~0.000006 %   
14
~-9999 %   
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
99+
Not Available   
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
24
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
20
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tin and bismuth alloys have a very low melting point and hence it is used in fire detector and the fire extinguishers. It also used in electric solders and fuses.
  
  • It is a highly radioactive metal; and sometime Radium-223 is used to treat prostate cancer.
  • It is used in luminous paints.
  
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
NA   
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry   
Pharmaceutical Industry   
Other Uses
Alloys   
NA   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic   
Highly Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
No   
In Blood
0.02 Blood/mg dm-3   
20
Not Available   
In Bone
0.20 p.p.m.   
22
Not Available   
Physical Properties
Melting Point
271.30 °C   
99+
700.00 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
1,560.00 °C   
99+
1,737.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silver   
Silvery White   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.25   
15
Not Available   
Brinell Hardness
70.00 MPa   
99+
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
1,790.00 m/s   
99+
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Bi   
Ra   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33   
6
33   
6
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.02   
6
0.90   
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.34   
3
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.67   
6
0.97   
38
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.15   
4
0.92   
20
Allen Electronegativity
2.01   
4
0.89   
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.98   
99+
3.10   
5
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
703.00 kJ/mol   
35
509.30 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,610.00 kJ/mol   
33
979.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,466.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
4th Energy Level
4,370.00 kJ/mol   
28
Not Available   
5th Energy Level
5,400.00 kJ/mol   
30
Not Available   
6th Energy Level
8,520.00 kJ/mol   
19
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.60 g/amp-hr   
19
4.22 g/amp-hr   
6
Electron Work Function
4.22 eV   
22
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
83   
33
88   
30
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3   
[Rn] 7s2   
Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Bismuth.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
83   
33
88   
30
Number of Neutrons
126   
18
138   
16
Number of Electrons
83   
33
88   
30
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
156.00 pm   
29
Not Available   
Covalent Radius
148.00 pm   
36
221.00 pm   
3
Van der Waals Radius
207.00 pm   
26
283.00 pm   
4
Atomic Weight
208.98 amu   
29
226.00 amu   
26
Atomic Volume
21.30 cm3/mol   
14
45.20 cm3/mol   
4
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Lead
  
Francium
  
Next Element
Polonium
  
Actinium
  
Valence Electron Potential
41.90 (-eV)   
99+
20.10 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
667.40 pm   
2
514.80 pm   
13
Lattice Angles
NA   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
9.78 g/cm3   
39
5.50 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.05 g/cm3   
18
Not Available   
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
12.00 GPa   
99+
Not Available   
Bulk Modulus
31.00 GPa   
38
Not Available   
Young's Modulus
32.00 GPa   
99+
Not Available   
Poisson Ratio
0.33   
11
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
9.79   
30
5.00   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic   
Nonmagnetic   
Permeability
0.00 H/m   
6
Not Available   
Susceptibility
0.00   
6
Not Available   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Semiconductor   
NA   
Resistivity
1.29 nΩ·m   
99+
100.00 nΩ·m   
31
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
Not Available   
Electron Affinity
91.20 kJ/mol   
11
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
Molar Heat Capacity
25.52 J/mol·K   
37
Not Available   
Thermal Conductivity
7.97 W/m·K   
99+
18.60 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
13.40 µm/(m·K)   
28
Not Available   
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
151.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Enthalpy of Fusion
10.90 kJ/mol   
33
Not Available   
Enthalpy of Atomization
207.10 kJ/mol   
99+
163.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
56.70 J/mol.K   
24
71.00 J/mol.K   
14
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