Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Fm_ 3m
Interesting Facts
- Naturally occurring minor elements include Cadmium.
- Cadmium is released into atmosphere to control volcanic eruption and forest fires.
- It is used for electroplating of Steel for corrosion resistance.
- It can absorb neutrons and used in nuclear reactor to control atomic fission.
- Rhodium is the rarest element out of all non-radioactive metals on the earth .
- Rhodium is one of the most durable and hard metal, which also have high reflectance.
Sources
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining
Earth's crust, Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining
Who Discovered
Karl Samuel Leberecht Hermann and Friedrich Stromeyer
William Hyde Wollaston
Discovery
In 1817
In 1804
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
Uses & Benefits
- It has very limited uses as it is a toxic metal and it can cause birth defects, cancer, etc.
-
Almost 80% of Cadmium metal is used in Nickel cadmium Batteries and now it is getting replaced with nickel hydride.
- Rhodium metal is mainly used in catalytic converters for cars as it reduces nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases.
- It is used as an industrial catalyst for nitric acid, acetic acid, hydrogenation reaction, etc.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Present in Human Body
Yes
No
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery Bluish-Gray
Silvery White
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
Pauling Electropositivity
Electrochemical Equivalent
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2
[Kr] 4d8 5s1
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Cadmium.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Rhodium.jpg#100
Valence Electron Potential
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Density At Room Temperature
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Malleable
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Property
Semiconductor
Conductor
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available