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Chemical Properties of Calcium and Gadolinium


Chemical Properties of Gadolinium and Calcium


Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Ca   
Gd   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
19   
20
26   
13

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
1.00   
99+
1.20   
39

Sanderson Electronegativity
0.95   
24
Not Available   

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.04   
34
1.11   
29

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.08   
17
Not Available   

Allen Electronegativity
1.03   
39
Not Available   

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
3.00   
9
2.80   
15

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
589.80 kJ/mol   
99+
593.40 kJ/mol   
99+

2nd Energy Level
1,145.40 kJ/mol   
99+
1,170.00 kJ/mol   
99+

3rd Energy Level
4,912.40 kJ/mol   
7
1,990.00 kJ/mol   
99+

4th Energy Level
6,491.00 kJ/mol   
7
4,250.00 kJ/mol   
30

5th Energy Level
8,153.00 kJ/mol   
7
Not Available   

6th Energy Level
10,496.00 kJ/mol   
8
Not Available   

7th Energy level
12,270.00 kJ/mol   
12
Not Available   

8th Energy Level
14,206.00 kJ/mol   
15
Not Available   

9th Energy Level
18,191.00 kJ/mol   
12
Not Available   

10th Energy Level
20,385.00 kJ/mol   
16
Not Available   

11th Energy Level
57,110.00 kJ/mol   
3
Not Available   

12th Energy Level
63,410.00 kJ/mol   
3
Not Available   

13th Energy Level
70,110.00 kJ/mol   
3
Not Available   

14th Energy Level
78,890.00 kJ/mol   
4
Not Available   

15th Energy Level
86,310.00 kJ/mol   
5
Not Available   

16th Energy Level
94,000.00 kJ/mol   
6
Not Available   

17th Energy Level
104,900.00 kJ/mol   
7
Not Available   

18th Energy Level
111,711.00 kJ/mol   
8
Not Available   

Electrochemical Equivalent
0.75 g/amp-hr   
99+
1.96 g/amp-hr   
32

Electron Work Function
2.87 eV   
38
3.10 eV   
35

Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility   
Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   

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