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Copper Molybdenum Comparison

Copper
Molybdenum
Molybdenum Copper comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Cu  
Mo  
Group Number
11  
7
6  
12
Period Number
4  
5  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440508  
37
7439987  
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
229.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Copper rarely found in its pure form in nature.
  • Copper Sulfate is mostly used in agricultural poison and as an algicide in water purification system.
  
  • Molybdenum is highly reactive metal, hence not found free in nature .
  • Till 18th century Molybdenum element were often mistaken as a carbon or Lead.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
-  
Carl Wilhelm Scheele  
Discovery
In Middle East (9000 BCE)  
In 1778  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
13
0.00 %  
20
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
12
0.00 %  
19
Abundance In Meteorites
0.01 %  
13
0.00 %  
24
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.01 %  
17
0.00 %  
39
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
8
0.00 %  
9
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
10
0.00 %  
17
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is use for coinage and bullion.
  • Most of copper element is used in manufacturing electrical and electronic equipments such as wirings and components. It is also used in construction and industrial machine.
  
  • Its alloys are used to make engine parts, drills, saw blade, etc.
  • Lubricant additive made up of Molybdenum disulfide is commonly used in the industry. It is also used as a catalyst.
  
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys, Coinage, Jewellery  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
1.01 Blood/mg dm-3  
8
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
31
In Bone
26.00 p.p.m.  
12
0.70 p.p.m.  
20
Physical
Melting Point
1,084.62 °C  
40
2,617.00 °C  
5
Boiling Point
2,562.00 °C  
99+
4,612.00 °C  
9
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Copper  
Gray  
Luster
-  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
3.00  
13
5.50  
7
Brinell Hardness
235.00 MPa  
99+
1,370.00 MPa  
7
Vickers Hardness
343.00 MPa  
99+
1,400.00 MPa  
11
Speed of Sound
3,810.00 m/s  
26
5,400.00 m/s  
9
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.10  
99+
2.00  
15
Reflectivity
90.00 %  
4
58.00 %  
25
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Cu  
Mo  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
29  
10
25  
14
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.90  
12
2.16  
6
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.98  
11
1.15  
34
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.75  
4
1.30  
25
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.49  
27
2.16  
7
Allen Electronegativity
1.85  
12
2.16  
3
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.10  
99+
1.84  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
22
684.30 kJ/mol  
37
2nd Energy Level
1,957.90 kJ/mol  
15
1,560.00 kJ/mol  
38
3rd Energy Level
3,555.00 kJ/mol  
15
2,618.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
5,536.00 kJ/mol  
21
4,480.00 kJ/mol  
36
5th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
17
5,257.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
9,900.00 kJ/mol  
16
6,640.80 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
13,400.00 kJ/mol  
7
12,125.00 kJ/mol  
13
8th Energy Level
16,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
13,860.00 kJ/mol  
16
9th Energy Level
19,200.00 kJ/mol  
9
15,835.00 kJ/mol  
16
10th Energy Level
22,400.00 kJ/mol  
11
17,980.00 kJ/mol  
18
11th Energy Level
25,600.00 kJ/mol  
13
20,190.00 kJ/mol  
17
12th Energy Level
35,600.00 kJ/mol  
27
22,219.00 kJ/mol  
38
13th Energy Level
38,700.00 kJ/mol  
6
26,930.00 kJ/mol  
13
14th Energy Level
42,000.00 kJ/mol  
7
29,196.00 kJ/mol  
13
15th Energy Level
46,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
52,490.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
50,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
55,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
53,700.00 kJ/mol  
12
61,400.00 kJ/mol  
9
18th Energy Level
61,100.00 kJ/mol  
10
67,700.00 kJ/mol  
9
19th Energy Level
64,702.00 kJ/mol  
11
74,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
20th Energy Level
163,700.00 kJ/mol  
2
80,400.00 kJ/mol  
10
21st Energy Level
174,100.00 kJ/mol  
2
87,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
22nd Energy Level
184,900.00 kJ/mol  
1
93,400.00 kJ/mol  
7
23rd Energy Level
198,800.00 kJ/mol  
1
98,420.00 kJ/mol  
6
24th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
104,400.00 kJ/mol  
2
25th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
121,900.00 kJ/mol  
1
26th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
127,700.00 kJ/mol  
1
27th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
18
133,800.00 kJ/mol  
1
28th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
24
139,800.00 kJ/mol  
1
29th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
25
148,100.00 kJ/mol  
1
30th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
154,500.00 kJ/mol  
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.19 g/amp-hr  
99+
0.89 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.65 eV  
16
4.60 eV  
17
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility  
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
29  
99+
42  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d10 4s1  
[Kr] 4d5 5s1  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Copper.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
29  
99+
42  
99+
Number of Neutrons
35  
99+
54  
99+
Number of Electrons
29  
99+
42  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
128.00 pm  
99+
139.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
132.00 pm  
99+
154.00 pm  
34
Van der Waals Radius
140.00 pm  
99+
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
63.55 amu  
99+
95.95 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
7.10 cm3/mol  
99+
9.40 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Nickel
  
Niobium
  
Next Element
Zinc
  
Technetium
  
Valence Electron Potential
34.00 (-eV)  
99+
88.60 (-eV)  
13
Lattice Constant
361.49 pm  
39
314.70 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.28  
99+
1.03  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
8.96 g/cm3  
99+
10.28 g/cm3  
39
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
8.02 g/cm3  
99+
9.33 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
210.00 MPa  
19
324.00 MPa  
15
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
5
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
1.53 (Pa)  
8
0.00 (Pa)  
22
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
30
0.00 (Pa)  
27
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
48.00 GPa  
15
126.00 GPa  
8
Bulk Modulus
140.00 GPa  
12
230.00 GPa  
6
Young's Modulus
120.00 GPa  
19
329.00 GPa  
6
Poisson Ratio
0.34  
10
0.31  
13
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Ductile, Weldable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
8.89  
99+
10.22  
40
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
19
0.00 H/m  
9
Susceptibility
0.00  
31
0.00  
29
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Semiconductor  
Resistivity
16.78 nΩ·m  
99+
53.40 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.60 106/cm Ω  
2
0.19 106/cm Ω  
11
Electron Affinity
222.80 kJ/mol  
1
71.90 kJ/mol  
16
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.38 J/(kg K)  
15
0.25 J/(kg K)  
21
Molar Heat Capacity
24.44 J/mol·K  
99+
24.06 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
401.00 W/m·K  
2
138.00 W/m·K  
12
Critical Temperature
1,358.00 K  
99+
2,896.00 K  
6
Thermal Expansion
16.50 µm/(m·K)  
27
4.80 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
283.70 kJ/mol  
99+
594.10 kJ/mol  
9
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.11 kJ/mol  
99+
27.61 kJ/mol  
5
Enthalpy of Atomization
338.90 kJ/mol  
39
653.00 kJ/mol  
7
Standard Molar Entropy
33.20 J/mol.K  
99+
28.70 J/mol.K  
99+
Summary >>
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