Copper

Tin

Copper Tin Comparison

Copper

Tin

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1 Periodic Table

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Group Number

1114

0 17

1.7 Period Number

2 7

1.10 Block

d block

p block

1.11 Element Family

Transition Metal

Post-Transition

1.12 CAS Number

74405087440315

7429905 54386242

2.5 Space Group Name

Fm_ 3m

I41/amd

2.6 Space Group Number

225.00141.00

11 229

3 Facts

3.1 Interesting Facts

Copper rarely found in its pure form in nature.

Copper Sulfate is mostly used in agricultural poison and as an algicide in water purification system.

In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.

3.2 Sources

Found in Minerals

Found in Minerals, Mining

3.3 History

3.3.1 Who Discovered

Unknown

3.3.3 Discovery

In Middle East (9000 BCE)

Before 3500 BC

3.4 Abundance

3.4.1 Abundance In Universe

6 * 10^-6 %4 * 10^-7 %

5E-09 0.11

3.4.2 Abundance In Sun

~0.00007 %~0.0000009 %

1E-08 0.1

3.4.4 Abundance In Meteorites

0.01 %0.00 %

1.7E-07 22

3.4.6 Abundance In Earth's Crust

0.01 %0.00 %

9.9E-12 8.1

4.2.4 Abundance In Oceans

0.00 %0.00 %

2E-23 1.1

4.2.5 Abundance In Humans

0.00 %0.00 %

1E-13 1.4

5 Uses

5.1 Uses & Benefits

It is use for coinage and bullion.
Most of copper element is used in manufacturing electrical and electronic equipments such as wirings and components. It is also used in construction and industrial machine.

Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.

5.1.1 Industrial Uses

Chemical Industry, Electronic Industry

Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry

5.1.2 Medical Uses

Dentistry

5.1.3 Other Uses

Alloys, Coinage, Jewellery

5.2 Biological Properties

5.2.1 Toxicity

Non Toxic

5.2.2 Present in Human Body

✔ ✘

5.2.3 In Blood

1.01 Blood/mg dm-30.38 Blood/mg dm-3

0 1970

6.1.1 In Bone

26.00 p.p.m.1.40 p.p.m.

0 170000

7 Physical

7.1 Melting Point

1,084.62 °C231.90 °C

27 3410

7.3 Boiling Point

2,562.00 °C2,270.00 °C

147 5660

7.6 Appearance

7.6.1 Physical State

Solid

7.6.2 Color

Copper

Silvery White

7.6.3 Luster

7.7 Hardness

7.7.1 Mohs Hardness

3.001.50

0.2 8.5

7.7.3 Brinell Hardness

235.00 MPa50.00 MPa

0.14 3490

7.7.5 Vickers Hardness

343.00 MPaNA

121 3430

7.9 Speed of Sound

3,810.00 m/s2,730.00 m/s

818 16200

7.11 Optical Properties

7.11.1 Refractive Index

NANA

1.000933 1.7229

8.2.2 Reflectivity

90.00 %NA

58 97

8.3 Allotropes

✔ ✘

8.3.1 α Allotropes

Not Available

Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)

8.3.2 β Allotropes

Not Available

White Tin (Beta Tin)

8.3.3 γ Allotropes

Not Available

Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)

9 Chemical

9.1 Chemical Formula

9.2 Isotopes

9.2.1 Known Isotopes

2935

0 38

9.4 Electronegativity

9.4.1 Pauling Electronegativity

1.901.96

0.7 2.54

9.4.3 Sanderson Electronegativity

1.981.49

0.22 2.56

9.4.5 Allred Rochow Electronegativity

1.751.72

0.86 1.82

9.4.7 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity

1.492.21

0.62 2.48

9.4.9 Allen Electronegativity

1.851.82

0.659 2.7

9.6 Electropositivity

9.6.1 Pauling Electropositivity

2.102.04

1.46 3.3

9.8 Ionization Energies

9.8.1 1st Energy Level

745.50 kJ/mol708.60 kJ/mol

375.7 26130

9.8.4 2nd Energy Level

1,957.90 kJ/mol1,411.80 kJ/mol

710.2162 28750

9.8.5 3rd Energy Level

3,555.00 kJ/mol2,943.00 kJ/mol

1600 34230

9.8.7 4th Energy Level

5,536.00 kJ/mol3,930.30 kJ/mol

2780 37066

9.8.9 5th Energy Level

7,700.00 kJ/mol7,456.00 kJ/mol

4305.2 97510

9.8.11 6th Energy Level

9,900.00 kJ/molNA

5715.8 105800

9.8.13 7th Energy level

13,400.00 kJ/molNA

7226.8 114300

9.8.14 8th Energy Level

16,000.00 kJ/molNA

8857.4 125300

9.8.16 9th Energy Level

19,200.00 kJ/molNA

14110 134700

9.8.18 10th Energy Level

22,400.00 kJ/molNA

17100 144300

9.8.20 11th Energy Level

25,600.00 kJ/molNA

19900 169988

9.8.22 12th Energy Level

35,600.00 kJ/molNA

22219 189368

9.8.24 13th Energy Level

38,700.00 kJ/molNA

26930 76015

9.8.25 14th Energy Level

42,000.00 kJ/molNA

29196 86450

9.8.27 15th Energy Level

46,700.00 kJ/molNA

41987 97510

9.8.29 16th Energy Level

50,200.00 kJ/molNA

47206 109480

9.8.30 17th Energy Level

53,700.00 kJ/molNA

52737 122200

9.8.32 18th Energy Level

61,100.00 kJ/molNA

58570 134810

9.8.34 19th Energy Level

64,702.00 kJ/molNA

64702 148700

9.8.35 20th Energy Level

163,700.00 kJ/molNA

80400 171200

9.8.37 21st Energy Level

174,100.00 kJ/molNA

87000 179100

9.8.39 22nd Energy Level

184,900.00 kJ/molNA

93400 184900

9.8.40 23rd Energy Level

198,800.00 kJ/molNA

98420 198800

9.8.42 24th Energy Level

NANA

104400 195200

9.8.43 25th Energy Level

NANA

121900 121900

9.8.45 26th Energy Level

NANA

127700 127700

9.8.47 27th Energy Level

NANA

133800 133800

9.8.49 28th Energy Level

NANA

139800 139800

9.8.51 29th Energy Level

NANA

148100 148100

9.8.52 30th Energy Level

NANA

154500 154500

9.9 Electrochemical Equivalent

1.19 g/amp-hr1.11 g/amp-hr

0.16812 8.3209

9.10 Electron Work Function

4.65 eV4.42 eV

2.14 5.65

9.11 Other Chemical Properties

Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility

Ionization, Solubility

10 Atomic

10.1 Atomic Number

2950

3 117

10.2 Electron Configuration

[Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s¹

[Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p²

10.3 Crystal Structure

Face Centered Cubic (FCC)

Tetragonal (TETR)

10.3.1 Crystal Lattice

10.4 Atom

10.4.1 Number of Protons

2950

3 117

10.5.1 Number of Neutrons

3569

4 184

10.6.1 Number of Electrons

2950

3 117

11.2 Radius of an Atom

11.2.1 Atomic Radius

128.00 pm140.00 pm

112 265

11.2.2 Covalent Radius

132.00 pm139.00 pm

96 260

11.5.2 Van der Waals Radius

140.00 pm217.00 pm

139 348

11.6 Atomic Weight

63.55 amu118.71 amu

6.94 294

11.7 Atomic Volume

7.10 cm3/mol16.30 cm3/mol

1.39 71.07

11.9 Adjacent Atomic Numbers

11.9.1 Previous Element

11.9.2 Next Element

11.10 Valence Electron Potential

34.00 (-eV)83.50 (-eV)

8 392.42

11.11 Lattice Constant

361.49 pm583.18 pm

228.58 891.25

11.13 Lattice Angles

π/2, π/2, π/2

11.14 Lattice C/A Ratio

NANA

1.567 1.886

12 Mechanical

12.1 Density

12.1.1 Density At Room Temperature

8.96 g/cm³7.37 g/cm³

0.534 40.7

12.3.1 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)

8.02 g/cm36.99 g/cm3

0.512 20

12.5 Tensile Strength

NANA

2.5 11000

12.8 Viscosity

NANA

0.001526 0.001526

13.2 Vapor Pressure

13.2.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K

1.53 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)

2.47E-11 121

13.2.3 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K

NANA

2.62E-10 774

13.3 Elasticity properties

13.3.1 Shear Modulus

48.00 GPa18.00 GPa

1.3 222

13.5.1 Bulk Modulus

140.00 GPa58.00 GPa

1.6 462

13.6.2 Young's Modulus

120.00 GPa50.00 GPa

1.7 528

13.7 Poisson Ratio

0.340.36

0.032 0.47

13.9 Other Mechanical Properties

Ductile, Malleable

14 Magnetic

14.1 Magnetic Characteristics

14.1.1 Specific Gravity

8.897.31

0.53 4500

14.1.3 Magnetic Ordering

Diamagnetic

14.1.4 Permeability

1.256629 * 10^-6 H/mNA

1.25643E-06 0.0063

14.1.5 Susceptibility

-9.63 * 10^-6NA

-0.000166 200000

14.2 Electrical Properties

14.2.1 Electrical Property

Conductor

Superconductor

14.2.2 Resistivity

16.78 nΩ·m115.00 nΩ·m

0.18 961

14.3.1 Electrical Conductivity

0.60 10⁶/cm Ω0.09 10⁶/cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

15.1.2 Electron Affinity

222.80 kJ/mol107.30 kJ/mol

0 222.8

16 Thermal

16.1 Specific Heat

0.38 J/(kg K)0.23 J/(kg K)

0.11 3.6

16.2 Molar Heat Capacity

24.44 J/mol·K27.11 J/mol·K

16.443 62.7

16.4 Thermal Conductivity

401.00 W/m·K66.80 W/m·K

6.3 429

16.5 Critical Temperature

NANA

26.3 3223

16.6 Thermal Expansion

16.50 µm/(m·K)22.00 µm/(m·K)

4.5 97

17.2 Enthalpy

17.2.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization

283.70 kJ/mol290.40 kJ/mol

7.32 799.1

17.4.1 Enthalpy of Fusion

7.11 kJ/mol7.03 kJ/mol

2.1 35.23

17.5.1 Enthalpy of Atomization

338.90 kJ/mol301.30 kJ/mol

61.5 837

17.7 Standard Molar Entropy

33.20 J/mol.K51.20 J/mol.K

9.5 198.1

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