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Copper vs Tin

Copper
Tin
Tin vs Copper


Periodic Table
Symbol
Cu  
Sn  
Group Number
11  
7
14  
4
Period Number
4  
5  
Block
d block  
p block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Post-​Transition  
CAS Number
7440508  
37
7440315  
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m  
I41/amd  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
141.00  
10
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Copper rarely found in its pure form in nature.
  • Copper Sulfate is mostly used in agricultural poison and as an algicide in water purification system.
  
  • In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
  • Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals  
Found in Minerals, Mining  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
-  
-  
Discovery
In Middle East (9000 BCE)  
Before 3500 BC  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
13
0.00 %  
21
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
12
0.00 %  
19
Abundance In Meteorites
0.01 %  
13
0.00 %  
24
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.01 %  
17
0.00 %  
34
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
8
0.00 %  
26
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
10
0.00 %  
15
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is use for coinage and bullion.
  • Most of copper element is used in manufacturing electrical and electronic equipments such as wirings and components. It is also used in construction and industrial machine.
  
  • Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
  • Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
  
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
Dentistry  
Other Uses
Alloys, Coinage, Jewellery  
-  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
1.01 Blood/mg dm-3  
8
0.38 Blood/mg dm-3  
10
In Bone
26.00 p.p.m.  
12
1.40 p.p.m.  
17
Physical
Melting Point
1,084.62 °C  
40
231.90 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
2,562.00 °C  
99+
2,270.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Copper  
Silvery White  
Luster
-  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
3.00  
13
1.50  
19
Brinell Hardness
235.00 MPa  
99+
50.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
343.00 MPa  
99+
50.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
3,810.00 m/s  
26
2,730.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.10  
99+
2.40  
7
Reflectivity
90.00 %  
4
51.00 %  
30
Allotropes
No  
Yes  
α Allotropes
-  
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)  
β Allotropes
-  
White Tin (Beta Tin)  
γ Allotropes
-  
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Cu  
Sn  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
29  
10
35  
4
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.90  
12
1.96  
9
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.98  
11
1.49  
19
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.75  
4
1.72  
5
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.49  
27
2.21  
5
Allen Electronegativity
1.85  
12
1.82  
14
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.10  
99+
2.04  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
22
708.60 kJ/mol  
33
2nd Energy Level
1,957.90 kJ/mol  
15
1,411.80 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
3,555.00 kJ/mol  
15
2,943.00 kJ/mol  
30
4th Energy Level
5,536.00 kJ/mol  
21
3,930.30 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
17
7,456.00 kJ/mol  
21
6th Energy Level
9,900.00 kJ/mol  
16
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
13,400.00 kJ/mol  
7
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
39
8th Energy Level
16,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
35
9th Energy Level
19,200.00 kJ/mol  
9
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
32
10th Energy Level
22,400.00 kJ/mol  
11
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
36
11th Energy Level
25,600.00 kJ/mol  
13
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
34
12th Energy Level
35,600.00 kJ/mol  
27
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
38,700.00 kJ/mol  
6
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
31
14th Energy Level
42,000.00 kJ/mol  
7
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
46,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
70,800.00 kJ/mol  
27
16th Energy Level
50,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
70,800.00 kJ/mol  
22
17th Energy Level
53,700.00 kJ/mol  
12
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
61,100.00 kJ/mol  
10
7,086.00 kJ/mol  
33
19th Energy Level
64,702.00 kJ/mol  
11
708.60 kJ/mol  
39
20th Energy Level
163,700.00 kJ/mol  
2
708.00 kJ/mol  
33
21st Energy Level
174,100.00 kJ/mol  
2
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
184,900.00 kJ/mol  
1
708.00 kJ/mol  
27
23rd Energy Level
198,800.00 kJ/mol  
1
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
708.60 kJ/mol  
26
25th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
708.60 kJ/mol  
28
26th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
27th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
18
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
28th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
24
708.60 kJ/mol  
32
29th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
25
708.60 kJ/mol  
33
30th Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.19 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.11 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.65 eV  
16
4.42 eV  
22
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility  
Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
29  
99+
50  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d10 4s1  
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Tetragonal (TETR)  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Copper.jpg#100  
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
29  
99+
50  
99+
Number of Neutrons
35  
99+
69  
99+
Number of Electrons
29  
99+
50  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
128.00 pm  
99+
140.00 pm  
40
Covalent Radius
132.00 pm  
99+
139.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
140.00 pm  
99+
217.00 pm  
29
Atomic Weight
63.55 amu  
99+
118.71 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
7.10 cm3/mol  
99+
16.30 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Nickel
  
Indium
  
Next Element
Zinc
  
Cesium
  
Valence Electron Potential
34.00 (-eV)  
99+
83.50 (-eV)  
14
Lattice Constant
361.49 pm  
39
583.18 pm  
7
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.28  
99+
0.68  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
8.96 g/cm3  
99+
7.37 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
8.02 g/cm3  
99+
6.99 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
210.00 MPa  
19
15.00 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
15
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
1.53 (Pa)  
8
0.00 (Pa)  
18
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
30
0.00 (Pa)  
38
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
48.00 GPa  
15
18.00 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
140.00 GPa  
12
58.00 GPa  
21
Young's Modulus
120.00 GPa  
19
50.00 GPa  
39
Poisson Ratio
0.34  
10
0.36  
8
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
8.89  
99+
7.31  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
19
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
31
0.00  
30
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Superconductor  
Resistivity
16.78 nΩ·m  
99+
115.00 nΩ·m  
28
Electrical Conductivity
0.60 106/cm Ω  
2
0.09 106/cm Ω  
28
Electron Affinity
222.80 kJ/mol  
1
107.30 kJ/mol  
9
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.38 J/(kg K)  
15
0.23 J/(kg K)  
28
Molar Heat Capacity
24.44 J/mol·K  
99+
27.11 J/mol·K  
26
Thermal Conductivity
401.00 W/m·K  
2
66.80 W/m·K  
25
Critical Temperature
1,358.00 K  
99+
505.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
16.50 µm/(m·K)  
27
22.00 µm/(m·K)  
21
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
283.70 kJ/mol  
99+
290.40 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.11 kJ/mol  
99+
7.03 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
338.90 kJ/mol  
39
301.30 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
33.20 J/mol.K  
99+
51.20 J/mol.K  
40
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