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Copper Zinc Comparison

Copper
Zinc
Zinc Copper comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Cu   
Zn   
Group Number
11   
7
12   
6
Period Number
4   
4   
Block
d block   
d block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440508   
37
7440666   
24
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m   
P63/mmc   
Space Group Number
225.00   
2
194.00   
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Copper rarely found in its pure form in nature.
  • Copper Sulfate is mostly used in agricultural poison and as an algicide in water purification system.
  
  • Zinc metal found (obtain) in many forms like granules, foil, dust and in a powder form.
  • The leading producers of Zinc metal are Australia, Canada, China, U.S.A and Peru.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals   
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Unknown   
Indian metallurgists   
Discovery
In Middle East (9000 BCE)   
Before 1000 BCE   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
6 * 10-6 %   
12
3 * 10-5 %   
11
Abundance In Sun
~0.00007 %   
12
~0.0002 %   
10
Abundance In Meteorites
0.01 %   
13
0.02 %   
12
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.01 %   
17
0.01 %   
16
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
8
0.00 %   
10
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
9
0.00 %   
6
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is use for coinage and bullion.
  • Most of copper element is used in manufacturing electrical and electronic equipments such as wirings and components. It is also used in construction and industrial machine.
  
  • It is mainly used for Galvanizing other metals.
  • It is also used for manufacturing die-casting and it is very essential for automobile industry.
  
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Pharmaceutical Industry   
Other Uses
Alloys, Coinage, Jewellery   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Highly Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
1.01 Blood/mg dm-3   
8
7.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
6
In Bone
26.00 p.p.m.   
12
170.00 p.p.m.   
6
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,084.62 °C   
40
419.58 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
2,562.00 °C   
99+
907.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Copper   
Silvery Gray   
Luster
NA   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
3.00   
12
2.50   
14
Brinell Hardness
235.00 MPa   
38
327.00 MPa   
32
Vickers Hardness
343.00 MPa   
28
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
3,810.00 m/s   
19
3,850.00 m/s   
18
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
1.00   
2
Reflectivity
90.00 %   
3
80.00 %   
5
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Cu   
Zn   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
29   
10
25   
14
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.90   
11
1.65   
19
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.98   
9
2.23   
6
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.75   
3
1.66   
7
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.49   
14
1.65   
11
Allen Electronegativity
1.85   
9
1.59   
22
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.10   
99+
2.35   
35
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
745.50 kJ/mol   
22
906.40 kJ/mol   
6
2nd Energy Level
1,957.90 kJ/mol   
15
1,733.30 kJ/mol   
27
3rd Energy Level
3,555.00 kJ/mol   
15
3,833.00 kJ/mol   
12
4th Energy Level
5,536.00 kJ/mol   
12
5,731.00 kJ/mol   
11
5th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol   
11
7,970.00 kJ/mol   
9
6th Energy Level
9,900.00 kJ/mol   
10
10,400.00 kJ/mol   
9
7th Energy level
13,400.00 kJ/mol   
7
12,900.00 kJ/mol   
9
8th Energy Level
16,000.00 kJ/mol   
9
16,800.00 kJ/mol   
6
9th Energy Level
19,200.00 kJ/mol   
9
19,600.00 kJ/mol   
8
10th Energy Level
22,400.00 kJ/mol   
11
23,000.00 kJ/mol   
10
11th Energy Level
25,600.00 kJ/mol   
13
26,400.00 kJ/mol   
11
12th Energy Level
35,600.00 kJ/mol   
6
29,990.00 kJ/mol   
11
13th Energy Level
38,700.00 kJ/mol   
6
40,490.00 kJ/mol   
5
14th Energy Level
42,000.00 kJ/mol   
7
43,800.00 kJ/mol   
6
15th Energy Level
46,700.00 kJ/mol   
9
47,300.00 kJ/mol   
8
16th Energy Level
50,200.00 kJ/mol   
10
52,300.00 kJ/mol   
9
17th Energy Level
53,700.00 kJ/mol   
12
55,900.00 kJ/mol   
10
18th Energy Level
61,100.00 kJ/mol   
10
59,700.00 kJ/mol   
11
19th Energy Level
64,702.00 kJ/mol   
11
67,300.00 kJ/mol   
10
20th Energy Level
163,700.00 kJ/mol   
2
171,200.00 kJ/mol   
1
21st Energy Level
174,100.00 kJ/mol   
2
179,100.00 kJ/mol   
1
22nd Energy Level
184,900.00 kJ/mol   
1
Not Available   
23rd Energy Level
198,800.00 kJ/mol   
1
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.19 g/amp-hr   
99+
1.22 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
4.65 eV   
11
4.33 eV   
17
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility   
Anti Corrosion, Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
29   
99+
30   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d10 4s1   
[Ar] 3d10 4s2   
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Copper.jpg#100   
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Zinc.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
29   
99+
30   
99+
Number of Neutrons
35   
99+
35   
99+
Number of Electrons
29   
99+
30   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
128.00 pm   
99+
134.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
132.00 pm   
99+
122.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
140.00 pm   
99+
139.00 pm   
99+
Atomic Weight
63.55 amu   
99+
65.38 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
7.10 cm3/mol   
99+
9.20 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Nickel
  
Copper
  
Next Element
Zinc
  
Gallium
  
Valence Electron Potential
34.00 (-eV)   
99+
38.90 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
361.49 pm   
35
266.49 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
8.96 g/cm3   
99+
7.14 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
8.02 g/cm3   
27
6.57 g/cm3   
37
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
1.53 (Pa)   
8
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
48.00 GPa   
15
43.00 GPa   
18
Bulk Modulus
140.00 GPa   
12
70.00 GPa   
19
Young's Modulus
120.00 GPa   
17
108.00 GPa   
19
Poisson Ratio
0.34   
10
0.25   
24
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
8.89   
34
6.90   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Permeability
1.256629 * 10-6 H/m   
5
Not Available   
Susceptibility
-9.63 * 10-6   
4
Not Available   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
16.78 nΩ·m   
99+
59.00 nΩ·m   
40
Electrical Conductivity
0.60 106/cm Ω   
2
0.17 106/cm Ω   
12
Electron Affinity
222.80 kJ/mol   
1
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.38 J/(kg K)   
15
0.39 J/(kg K)   
14
Molar Heat Capacity
24.44 J/mol·K   
99+
25.47 J/mol·K   
39
Thermal Conductivity
401.00 W/m·K   
2
116.00 W/m·K   
14
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
16.50 µm/(m·K)   
25
30.20 µm/(m·K)   
11
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
283.70 kJ/mol   
33
7.32 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.11 kJ/mol   
99+
7.32 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
338.90 kJ/mol   
29
129.70 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
33.20 J/mol.K   
99+
41.60 J/mol.K   
36
Summary >>
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