Home
 Compare Metals

Gold vs Sodium

Gold
Sodium
Sodium vs Gold


Periodic Table
Symbol
Au  
Na  
Group Number
11  
7
1  
17
Period Number
6  
3  
Block
d block  
s block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Alkali  
CAS Number
7440575  
31
7440235  
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
225.00  
2
229.00  
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • It is found in copper ores and from the crust of the earth.
  • It is the most malleable and ductile metal.
  • Gold alloys are used in Dentistry as fillings, crowning, clips, etc. It is also used as an artificial limb joints.
  
  • At room temperature Sodium metal is very soft as it can be chopped down into pieces with butter knife.
  • The most common compound of Sodium is NaCl (Salt).
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of metals  
By Electrolysis Process, Mining  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Unknown  
Humphry Davy  
Discovery
Before 6000 BCE  
In 1807  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
6 * 10-8 %  
26
2 * 10-3 %  
6
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %  
26
~0.004 %  
6
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.55 %  
6
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
2.30 %  
5
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
21
1.10 %  
1
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
18
0.14 %  
3
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Gold metal is mainly used for Jewelry, bullion, coinage, etc.
  • It is used in the art, decoration, ornaments, etc. It is also used for electroplating process.
  
  • In some nuclear reactors sodium is used as a heat exchanger.
  • Compound of Sodium metals called Salt (Sodium chloride) is used in Food.
  
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry  
Pharmaceutical Industry  
Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
35
1,970.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
1
In Bone
0.02 p.p.m.  
30
10,000.00 p.p.m.  
2
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,064.43 °C  
99+
97.72 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
2,807.00 °C  
36
883.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Gold  
Silvery White  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.50  
14
0.50  
22
Brinell Hardness
194.00 MPa  
99+
0.69 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
216.00 MPa  
31
Not Available  
Speed of Sound
2,030.00 m/s  
99+
3,200.00 m/s  
24
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
95.00 %  
2
Not Available  
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
β Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
γ Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Au  
Na  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
36  
3
17  
22
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.54  
1
0.93  
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available  
0.56  
30
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.42  
18
1.01  
35
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.87  
7
0.91  
21
Allen Electronegativity
1.92  
5
0.87  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.46  
99+
3.07  
6
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
890.10 kJ/mol  
8
495.80 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,980.00 kJ/mol  
12
4,562.00 kJ/mol  
4
3rd Energy Level
Not Available  
6,910.30 kJ/mol  
6
4th Energy Level
Not Available  
9,543.00 kJ/mol  
5
5th Energy Level
Not Available  
13,354.00 kJ/mol  
4
6th Energy Level
Not Available  
16,613.00 kJ/mol  
4
7th Energy level
Not Available  
20,117.00 kJ/mol  
4
8th Energy Level
Not Available  
25,496.00 kJ/mol  
4
9th Energy Level
Not Available  
28,932.00 kJ/mol  
4
10th Energy Level
Not Available  
141,362.00 kJ/mol  
2
11th Energy Level
Not Available  
159,076.00 kJ/mol  
2
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.45 g/amp-hr  
21
0.86 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
5.10 eV  
4
2.75 eV  
40
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility  
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
79  
37
11  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1  
[Ne] 3s1  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Gold.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
79  
37
11  
99+
Number of Neutrons
118  
23
12  
99+
Number of Electrons
79  
37
11  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
151.00 pm  
32
186.00 pm  
9
Covalent Radius
144.00 pm  
40
166.00 pm  
27
Van der Waals Radius
166.00 pm  
39
227.00 pm  
21
Atomic Weight
196.97 amu  
33
22.99 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
10.20 cm3/mol  
99+
23.70 cm3/mol  
10
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Platinum
  
Beryllium
  
Next Element
Mercury
  
Magnesium
  
Valence Electron Potential
43.40 (-eV)  
99+
14.10 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
407.82 pm  
21
429.06 pm  
19
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.61  
4
Not Available  
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.30 g/cm3  
15
0.97 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
17.31 g/cm3  
6
0.93 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
120.00 MPa  
15
Not Available  
Viscosity
Not Available  
Not Available  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
23
Not Available  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
67.00 (Pa)  
4
Not Available  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
27.00 GPa  
27
3.30 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
180.00 GPa  
9
6.30 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
79.00 GPa  
24
10.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.40  
4
Not Available  
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
NA  
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
19.32  
8
0.97  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
2.20 nΩ·m  
99+
47.70 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.45 106/cm Ω  
3
0.21 106/cm Ω  
9
Electron Affinity
222.80 kJ/mol  
1
52.80 kJ/mol  
19
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
39
1.23 J/(kg K)  
3
Molar Heat Capacity
25.42 J/mol·K  
40
28.23 J/mol·K  
10
Thermal Conductivity
318.00 W/m·K  
3
142.00 W/m·K  
11
Critical Temperature
Not Available  
2,573.00 K  
2
Thermal Expansion
14.20 µm/(m·K)  
26
71.00 µm/(m·K)  
4
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
324.40 kJ/mol  
27
89.04 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
12.55 kJ/mol  
27
2.59 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
364.00 kJ/mol  
25
108.40 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
47.40 J/mol.K  
32
51.30 J/mol.K  
28
Periodic Table >>
<< All

Compare Transition Metals

Transition Metals

Transition Metals

» More Transition Metals

Compare Transition Metals

» More Compare Transition Metals
Home | About | Contact | Disclaimer | Terms of use
© A softusvista inc. venture!