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Iridium Scandium Comparison

Iridium
Scandium
Scandium Iridium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ir  
Sc  
Group Number
9  
9
3  
15
Period Number
6  
4  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7439885  
99+
7440202  
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Iridium element occurs as natural alloys of Platinum and Osmium.
  • Iridium element is known as the most corrosion resistance metal .
  
  • Scandium is known as one of the rare earth elements.
  • Scandium metal found in rare minerals called Wolframite .
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Smithson Tennant  
Lars Fredrik Nilson  
Discovery
In 1803  
In 1879  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
23
0.00 %  
16
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
25
0.00 %  
16
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
29
0.00 %  
18
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
23
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
32
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Iridium has an anti corrosion properties and it is used in special alloy with Osmium metal and that alloy is used in pen tips and compass bearings.
  
  • Uses of Scandium are limited to research purpose only. However, it has very low density and higher melting point.
  • Its compounds like scandium iodide is used in mercury vapor lamps to produce very bright white light.
  
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3  
22
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
39
Physical
Melting Point
2,410.00 °C  
7
1,539.00 °C  
24
Boiling Point
4,527.00 °C  
10
2,832.00 °C  
36
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Silvery White  
Luster
Metallic  
Lustrous  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.50  
5
5.50  
7
Brinell Hardness
1,670.00 MPa  
5
750.00 MPa  
13
Vickers Hardness
1,760.00 MPa  
8
1,200.00 MPa  
13
Speed of Sound
4,825.00 m/s  
17
6,100.00 m/s  
5
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.40  
7
1.80  
21
Reflectivity
78.00 %  
8
93.00 %  
3
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Ir  
Sc  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
34  
5
13  
26
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.20  
5
1.36  
30
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.20  
8
1.02  
40
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.55  
12
1.20  
28
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.20  
6
1.36  
31
Allen Electronegativity
1.68  
20
1.19  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.80  
99+
2.64  
25
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
9
633.10 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,600.00 kJ/mol  
36
1,235.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,256.10 kJ/mol  
99+
2,388.60 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,090.60 kJ/mol  
13
5th Energy Level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
8
8,843.00 kJ/mol  
7
6th Energy Level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
25
10,679.00 kJ/mol  
13
7th Energy level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
22
13,310.00 kJ/mol  
8
8th Energy Level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
22
15,250.00 kJ/mol  
11
9th Energy Level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
21
17,370.00 kJ/mol  
14
10th Energy Level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
23
21,726.00 kJ/mol  
13
11th Energy Level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
20
24,102.00 kJ/mol  
16
12th Energy Level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
40
66,320.00 kJ/mol  
7
13th Energy Level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
15
73,010.00 kJ/mol  
2
14th Energy Level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
14
80,160.00 kJ/mol  
3
15th Energy Level
88,000.00 kJ/mol  
8
89,490.00 kJ/mol  
6
16th Energy Level
88,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
97,400.00 kJ/mol  
5
17th Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
26
105,600.00 kJ/mol  
6
18th Energy Level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
15
117,000.00 kJ/mol  
7
19th Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
24
124,270.00 kJ/mol  
8
20th Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
14
633.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
37
633.10 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
12
633.00 kJ/mol  
35
23rd Energy Level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
7
633.10 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
8
633.10 kJ/mol  
37
25th Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
6
633.00 kJ/mol  
39
26th Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
6
633.10 kJ/mol  
38
27th Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
5
633.10 kJ/mol  
40
28th Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
8
633.10 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
9
633.10 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
6
633.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.14 g/amp-hr  
99+
0.56 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.55 eV  
18
3.50 eV  
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
77  
39
21  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2  
[Ar] 3d1 4s2  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Iridium.jpg#100  
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Scandium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
74  
99+
21  
99+
Number of Neutrons
110  
28
24  
99+
Number of Electrons
74  
99+
21  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
136.00 pm  
99+
162.00 pm  
28
Covalent Radius
141.00 pm  
99+
170.00 pm  
27
Van der Waals Radius
202.00 pm  
34
211.00 pm  
32
Atomic Weight
192.22 amu  
34
44.96 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
9.53 cm3/mol  
99+
15.00 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Osmium
  
Calcium
  
Next Element
Platinum
  
Titanium
  
Valence Electron Potential
140.00 (-eV)  
5
58.00 (-eV)  
25
Lattice Constant
383.90 pm  
29
330.90 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58  
35
1.59  
24
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
22.56 g/cm3  
10
2.99 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
19.00 g/cm3  
13
2.80 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
2,000.00 MPa  
2
150.00 MPa  
25
Viscosity
0.00  
21
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
24
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
26
91.30 (Pa)  
3
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
210.00 GPa  
2
29.10 GPa  
28
Bulk Modulus
320.00 GPa  
3
56.60 GPa  
22
Young's Modulus
528.00 GPa  
1
74.40 GPa  
28
Poisson Ratio
0.26  
22
0.28  
18
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
21.78  
12
2.99  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
16
0.00 H/m  
8
Susceptibility
0.00  
5
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
47.10 nΩ·m  
99+
562.00 nΩ·m  
10
Electrical Conductivity
0.19 106/cm Ω  
10
0.02 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
151.00 kJ/mol  
4
18.10 kJ/mol  
39
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.60 J/(kg K)  
8
Molar Heat Capacity
25.10 J/mol·K  
99+
25.52 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
147.00 W/m·K  
10
15.80 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
2,719.00 K  
8
1,814.00 K  
28
Thermal Expansion
6.40 µm/(m·K)  
99+
10.20 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
799.10 kJ/mol  
1
314.20 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
35.23 kJ/mol  
1
14.10 kJ/mol  
29
Enthalpy of Atomization
837.00 kJ/mol  
1
343.00 kJ/mol  
38
Standard Molar Entropy
35.50 J/mol.K  
99+
34.60 J/mol.K  
99+
Summary >>
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