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Lanthanum vs Radium

Lanthanum
Radium
Radium vs Lanthanum


Periodic Table
Symbol
La  
Ra  
Group Number
3  
15
2  
16
Period Number
6  
7  
Block
f block  
s block  
Element Family
Lanthanide  
Alkaline Earth  
CAS Number
7439910  
99+
7440144  
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
229.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Lanthanum metal is highly malleable, ductile and sectile.
  • If exposed to air Lanthanum metal oxidizes rapidly.
  
  • Radium metal is the heaviest metal of Alkaline earth metals column.
  • Radium metal is highly radioactive and does not have any stable isotopes.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Mining, Ores of metals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Carl Gustaf Mosander  
-  
Discovery
In 1838  
In 1898  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
23
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
25
0.00 %  
26
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
32
-  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
19
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
29
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
23
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It has no commercial uses, but its alloys are in high demand. Lanthanum and Nickel alloy is used for the hydrogen gas storage.
  • The best-known use for mischmetal alloy of Lanthanum is; as a ‘flints’ for cigarette lighters.
  
  • It is a highly radioactive metal; and sometime Radium-223 is used to treat prostate cancer.
  • It is used in luminous paints.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
Pharmaceutical Industry  
Other Uses
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing  
-  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic  
Highly Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
32
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
34
In Bone
0.08 p.p.m.  
29
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
920.00 °C  
99+
700.00 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
3,469.00 °C  
19
1,737.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Silvery White  
Luster
-  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.50  
15
1.00  
22
Brinell Hardness
350.00 MPa  
36
700.00 MPa  
17
Vickers Hardness
360.00 MPa  
99+
140.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
2,475.00 m/s  
99+
3,150.00 m/s  
37
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.80  
22
1.00  
99+
Reflectivity
70.00 %  
13
83.00 %  
6
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
La  
Ra  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
31  
8
33  
6
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.10  
99+
0.90  
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.10  
38
0.89  
99+
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.08  
32
0.97  
39
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.10  
99+
0.92  
99+
Allen Electronegativity
1.10  
99+
0.89  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.90  
10
3.10  
5
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
538.10 kJ/mol  
99+
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,067.00 kJ/mol  
99+
979.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,850.30 kJ/mol  
99+
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
4,819.00 kJ/mol  
32
5,093.00 kJ/mol  
27
5th Energy Level
5,940.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
5,380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
5,380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
5,380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
5,380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
5,380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
5,380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
5,380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
5,380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
5,380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
53,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
50,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
53,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
50,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
538.10 kJ/mol  
99+
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
5,380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
538.10 kJ/mol  
99+
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
538.00 kJ/mol  
99+
509.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
538.10 kJ/mol  
99+
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
538.00 kJ/mol  
99+
509.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
5,380.00 kJ/mol  
25
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
538.00 kJ/mol  
99+
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
538.00 kJ/mol  
99+
509.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
538.00 kJ/mol  
99+
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
538.10 kJ/mol  
99+
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
538.00 kJ/mol  
99+
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
538.10 kJ/mol  
99+
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
538.00 kJ/mol  
99+
509.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.73 g/amp-hr  
99+
4.22 g/amp-hr  
6
Electron Work Function
3.50 eV  
99+
4.30 eV  
25
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
57  
99+
88  
30
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 5d2 6s2  
[Rn] 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Lanthanum.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
57  
99+
88  
30
Number of Neutrons
82  
99+
138  
17
Number of Electrons
57  
99+
88  
30
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
187.00 pm  
10
215.00 pm  
6
Covalent Radius
207.00 pm  
6
221.00 pm  
3
Van der Waals Radius
240.00 pm  
17
283.00 pm  
5
Atomic Weight
138.91 amu  
99+
226.00 amu  
26
Atomic Volume
20.73 cm3/mol  
26
45.20 cm3/mol  
5
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Barium
  
Francium
  
Next Element
Cerium
  
Actinium
  
Valence Electron Potential
40.71 (-eV)  
99+
20.10 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
377.20 pm  
31
514.80 pm  
15
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.62  
16
1.57  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
6.16 g/cm3  
99+
5.50 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.94 g/cm3  
99+
5.50 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
45.00 MPa  
40
40.00 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
2
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
22
0.00 (Pa)  
16
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.98 (Pa)  
15
0.00 (Pa)  
33
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
14.30 GPa  
99+
25.00 GPa  
38
Bulk Modulus
27.90 GPa  
99+
43.00 GPa  
33
Young's Modulus
36.60 GPa  
99+
83.00 GPa  
25
Poisson Ratio
0.28  
17
0.31  
13
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
6.17  
99+
5.00  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Nonmagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
15
0.00 H/m  
9
Susceptibility
0.00  
25
0.00  
18
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
-  
Resistivity
615.00 nΩ·m  
7
100.00 nΩ·m  
31
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
48.00 kJ/mol  
28
0.90 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.19 J/(kg K)  
33
0.12 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
27.11 J/mol·K  
27
20.05 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
13.40 W/m·K  
99+
18.60 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
1,193.00 K  
99+
973.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
12.10 µm/(m·K)  
99+
8.50 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
399.60 kJ/mol  
24
113.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
6.20 kJ/mol  
99+
8.60 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
431.00 kJ/mol  
21
163.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
56.90 J/mol.K  
31
71.00 J/mol.K  
14
Periodic Table >>
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Lanthanide Series

Lanthanide Series

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