Group Number
Not Available
Element Family
Post-Transition
Lanthanide
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
P63/mmc
Interesting Facts
- Galena mineral contains almost 87% of Lead metal in it, Galena is sulfide mineral.
- The best available source of Lead metal today is by recycling automobile batteries.
- Erbium metal is used as alloyed with Vanadium to make it softer.
- Recent studies shows that it is helpful for metabolism.
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
Mining
Who Discovered
Unknown
Carl Gustaf Mosander
Discovery
In Middle Easterns (7000 BCE)
In 1842
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
Uses & Benefits
- It is also used in insecticides, hair dyes and as an anti-knocking additive for petrol. But all these are banned by the government as Lead metal is known for detrimental to health.
- It has a tendency to get tarnished in the open air, but when alloyed with elements like erbium, vanadium, its hardness levels decreases.
- Its compounds like Erbium oxide is used in safety glasses of welders and metal workers.
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Chemical Industry
Medical Uses
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
NA
Toxicity
Toxic
Mildly Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
No
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
Pauling Electropositivity
5th Energy Level
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
Electron Work Function
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2
[Xe] 4f12 6s2
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Lead.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Erbium.jpg#100
Van der Waals Radius
Not Available
Valence Electron Potential
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Density At Room Temperature
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Malleable
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor
Conductor
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available