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Lithium Rhodium Comparison

Lithium
Rhodium
Rhodium Lithium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Li  
Rh  
Group Number
1  
17
9  
9
Period Number
2  
5  
Block
s block  
d block  
Element Family
Alkali  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7439932  
99+
7440166  
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
Fm_ 3m  
Space Group Number
229.00  
2
225.00  
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Heat capacity of Lithium is very high.
  • Lithium inflammable and highly explosive metal, hence it has to be stored properly.
  
  • Rhodium is the rarest element out of all non-radioactive metals on the earth .
  • Rhodium is one of the most durable and hard metal, which also have high reflectance.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining  
Earth's crust, Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Johan August Arfwedson  
William Hyde Wollaston  
Discovery
In 1817  
In 1804  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
19
0.00 %  
27
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
11
0.00 %  
25
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
22
0.00 %  
36
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
15
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
19
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • The main usage of Lithium is manufacturing rechargeable batteries for electronic equipment and gadgets.
  • it is also used in manufacturing non-rechargeable batteries.
  
  • Rhodium metal is mainly used in catalytic converters for cars as it reduces nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases.
  • It is used as an industrial catalyst for nitric acid, acetic acid, hydrogenation reaction, etc.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
-  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
27
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
In Bone
1.30 p.p.m.  
18
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
180.54 °C  
99+
1,966.00 °C  
12
Boiling Point
1,347.00 °C  
99+
3,727.00 °C  
17
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Silvery White  
Luster
-  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
0.60  
23
6.00  
6
Brinell Hardness
5.00 MPa  
99+
980.00 MPa  
10
Vickers Hardness
5.30 MPa  
99+
1,100.00 MPa  
15
Speed of Sound
6,000.00 m/s  
6
4,700.00 m/s  
19
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.35  
99+
2.40  
7
Reflectivity
95.00 %  
2
84.00 %  
5
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Li  
Rh  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
8  
30
16  
23
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.98  
99+
2.28  
4
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.89  
99+
2.28  
5
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.97  
39
1.45  
17
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.97  
99+
2.28  
4
Allen Electronegativity
0.91  
99+
1.56  
27
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.02  
8
1.72  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
719.70 kJ/mol  
29
2nd Energy Level
7,298.10 kJ/mol  
3
1,740.00 kJ/mol  
27
3rd Energy Level
11,815.00 kJ/mol  
4
2,997.00 kJ/mol  
27
4th Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
7,197.00 kJ/mol  
11
5th Energy Level
5,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,197.00 kJ/mol  
26
6th Energy Level
5,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,197.00 kJ/mol  
40
7th Energy level
5,202.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,197.00 kJ/mol  
35
8th Energy Level
730.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,480.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
5,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
520.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,197.00 kJ/mol  
33
11th Energy Level
5,202.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,197.00 kJ/mol  
32
12th Energy Level
5,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,190.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
5,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,190.00 kJ/mol  
27
14th Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
7,197.00 kJ/mol  
21
15th Energy Level
52,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
71,900.00 kJ/mol  
23
16th Energy Level
52,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
71,900.00 kJ/mol  
18
17th Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
719.70 kJ/mol  
39
18th Energy Level
520.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,197.00 kJ/mol  
29
19th Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
719.70 kJ/mol  
36
20th Energy Level
520.00 kJ/mol  
99+
719.00 kJ/mol  
30
21st Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
719.70 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
520.00 kJ/mol  
99+
719.00 kJ/mol  
24
23rd Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
719.70 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
719.70 kJ/mol  
23
25th Energy Level
520.00 kJ/mol  
99+
719.00 kJ/mol  
23
26th Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
719.70 kJ/mol  
23
27th Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
719.70 kJ/mol  
22
28th Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
719.70 kJ/mol  
28
29th Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol  
99+
719.70 kJ/mol  
29
30th Energy Level
520.00 kJ/mol  
99+
719.00 kJ/mol  
23
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.26 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.28 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
2.90 eV  
99+
4.98 eV  
10
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Atomic
Atomic Number
3  
99+
45  
99+
Electron Configuration
[He] 2s1  
[Kr] 4d8 5s1  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Rhodium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
3  
99+
45  
99+
Number of Neutrons
4  
99+
58  
99+
Number of Electrons
3  
99+
45  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
152.00 pm  
33
134.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
128.00 pm  
99+
142.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
182.00 pm  
99+
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
6.94 amu  
99+
102.91 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
13.10 cm3/mol  
99+
8.30 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
No Previous Element  
Ruthenium
  
Next Element
Beryllium
  
Palladium
  
Valence Electron Potential
19.00 (-eV)  
99+
64.00 (-eV)  
22
Lattice Constant
351.00 pm  
99+
380.34 pm  
30
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.62  
16
1.73  
7
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
0.53 g/cm3  
99+
12.41 g/cm3  
30
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
0.51 g/cm3  
99+
10.70 g/cm3  
35
Tensile Strength
60.00 MPa  
35
951.00 MPa  
5
Viscosity
0.00  
10
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
109.00 (Pa)  
2
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
30
0.02 (Pa)  
19
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
4.20 GPa  
99+
150.00 GPa  
6
Bulk Modulus
11.00 GPa  
99+
275.00 GPa  
5
Young's Modulus
4.90 GPa  
99+
380.00 GPa  
5
Poisson Ratio
0.36  
8
0.26  
22
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
0.53  
99+
12.41  
32
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
11
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
16
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
92.80 nΩ·m  
33
43.30 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.11 106/cm Ω  
22
0.21 106/cm Ω  
8
Electron Affinity
59.60 kJ/mol  
20
109.70 kJ/mol  
8
Thermal
Specific Heat
3.60 J/(kg K)  
1
0.24 J/(kg K)  
22
Molar Heat Capacity
24.86 J/mol·K  
99+
24.98 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
84.80 W/m·K  
20
150.00 W/m·K  
9
Critical Temperature
3,223.00 K  
5
2,237.00 K  
13
Thermal Expansion
46.00 µm/(m·K)  
7
8.20 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
134.70 kJ/mol  
99+
495.40 kJ/mol  
16
Enthalpy of Fusion
3.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21.76 kJ/mol  
10
Enthalpy of Atomization
160.70 kJ/mol  
99+
556.50 kJ/mol  
16
Standard Molar Entropy
29.10 J/mol.K  
99+
31.50 J/mol.K  
99+
Summary >>
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