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Lithium Samarium Comparison


Samarium Lithium comparison


Periodic Table

Symbol
Li   
Sm   

Group Number
1   
17
Not Available   

Period Number
2   
6   

Block
s block   
f block   

Element Family
Alkali   
Lanthanide   

CAS Number
7439932   
99+
7440199   
99+

Space Group Name
Im_ 3m   
R_ 3m   

Space Group Number
229.00   
1
166.00   
6

Facts

Interesting Facts
  • Heat capacity of Lithium is very high.
  • Lithium inflammable and highly explosive metal, hence it has to be stored properly.
  
  • Samarium metals helps stimulating body metabolism.
  • Samarium metals was 1st observed by Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac in Dydimia in 1853.
  

Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining   
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
Johan August Arfwedson   
Lecoq de Boisbaudran   

Discovery
In 1817   
In 1879   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
6 * 10-7 %   
18
5 * 10-7 %   
19

Abundance In Sun
~0.00017 %   
11
~0.0000001 %   
26

Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
22
0.00 %   
37

Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
29

Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
15
0.00 %   
40

Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
16
Not Available   

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • The main usage of Lithium is manufacturing rechargeable batteries for electronic equipment and gadgets.
  • it is also used in manufacturing non-rechargeable batteries.
  
  • Magnets of Samarium cobalt alloy are stronger than that of Iron and hence, they are used in microwave application.
  • Samarium metal also used in optical lasers and infrared absorbing glasses and as a neutron absorber.
  

Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   

Medical Uses
NA   
NA   

Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys, In Nuclear Reactors   

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
NA   
Slightly Toxic   

Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   

In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
27
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3   
22

In Bone
1.30 p.p.m.   
17
Not Available   

Physical Properties

Melting Point
180.54 °C   
99+
1,072.00 °C   
99+

Boiling Point
1,347.00 °C   
99+
1,900.00 °C   
99+

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid   
Solid   

Color
Silvery White   
Silvery White   

Luster
NA   
Lustrous   

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
0.60   
21
Not Available   

Brinell Hardness
5.00 MPa   
99+
441.00 MPa   
27

Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
412.00 MPa   
24

Speed of Sound
6,000.00 m/s   
3
2,130.00 m/s   
99+

Optical Properties
  
  

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Li   
Sm   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
8   
30
30   
9

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
0.98   
99+
1.17   
40

Sanderson Electronegativity
0.89   
26
Not Available   

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.97   
38
1.07   
32

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.97   
19
Not Available   

Allen Electronegativity
0.91   
99+
Not Available   

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
3.02   
8
2.83   
14

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
520.20 kJ/mol   
99+
544.50 kJ/mol   
99+

2nd Energy Level
7,298.10 kJ/mol   
3
1,070.00 kJ/mol   
99+

3rd Energy Level
11,815.00 kJ/mol   
4
2,260.00 kJ/mol   
99+

4th Energy Level
Not Available   
3,990.00 kJ/mol   
37

Electrochemical Equivalent
0.26 g/amp-hr   
99+
1.87 g/amp-hr   
34

Electron Work Function
2.90 eV   
37
2.70 eV   
99+

Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
3   
99+
62   
99+

Electron Configuration
[He] 2s1   
[Xe] 4f6 6s2   

Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Rhombohedral (RHO)   

Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Samarium.jpg#100   

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
3   
99+
62   
99+

Number of Neutrons
4   
99+
88   
39

Number of Electrons
3   
99+
62   
99+

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
152.00 pm   
31
180.00 pm   
14

Covalent Radius
128.00 pm   
99+
198.00 pm   
13

Van der Waals Radius
182.00 pm   
35
229.00 pm   
20

Atomic Weight
6.94 amu   
99+
150.36 amu   
99+

Atomic Volume
13.10 cm3/mol   
39
19.95 cm3/mol   
19

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
No Previous Element   
Promethium
  

Next Element
Beryllium
  
Europium
  

Valence Electron Potential
19.00 (-eV)   
99+
44.80 (-eV)   
37

Lattice Constant
351.00 pm   
99+
362.10 pm   
33

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
0.53 g/cm3   
99+
7.52 g/cm3   
99+

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
0.51 g/cm3   
99+
7.16 g/cm3   
32

Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
109.00 (Pa)   
2
0.94 (Pa)   
9

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
4.20 GPa   
99+
19.50 GPa   
34

Bulk Modulus
11.00 GPa   
99+
37.80 GPa   
35

Young's Modulus
4.90 GPa   
99+
49.70 GPa   
37

Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.27   
19

Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
NA   

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
0.53   
99+
7.52   
99+

Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   

Electrical Properties
  
  

Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   

Resistivity
92.80 nΩ·m   
33
0.94 nΩ·m   
99+

Electrical Conductivity
0.11 106/cm Ω   
19
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+

Electron Affinity
59.60 kJ/mol   
16
50.00 kJ/mol   
21

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
3.60 J/(kg K)   
1
0.20 J/(kg K)   
31

Molar Heat Capacity
24.86 J/mol·K   
99+
29.54 J/mol·K   
7

Thermal Conductivity
84.80 W/m·K   
20
13.30 W/m·K   
99+

Critical Temperature
3,223.00 K   
1
Not Available   

Thermal Expansion
46.00 µm/(m·K)   
7
12.70 µm/(m·K)   
30

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
134.70 kJ/mol   
99+
166.40 kJ/mol   
99+

Enthalpy of Fusion
3.00 kJ/mol   
99+
8.62 kJ/mol   
40

Enthalpy of Atomization
160.70 kJ/mol   
99+
209.00 kJ/mol   
99+

Standard Molar Entropy
29.10 J/mol.K   
99+
69.60 J/mol.K   
15

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