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Lutetium vs Iron

Lutetium
Iron
Iron vs Lutetium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Lu  
Fe  
Group Number
3  
15
8  
10
Period Number
6  
4  
Block
f block  
d block  
Element Family
Lanthanide  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7439943  
99+
7439896  
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
229.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Metal dust of Lutetium element is highly explosive.
  • Lutetium metal is corrosion resistance and acts stable in air.
  
  • Iron is not always magnetic in nature, its allotrope are ferromagnetic and the B allotrope is nonmagnetic.
  • The blood consists Iron in hemoglobin molecules to transfer Oxygen in the body.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Georges Urbain and Carl Auer von Welsbach  
-  
Discovery
In 1906  
Before 5000 BC  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
31
0.11 %  
1
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
26
0.10 %  
1
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
22.00 %  
1
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
6.30 %  
2
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
12
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.01 %  
6
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Lutetium metal is used outside research. It has commercial uses like Industrial catalyst for cracking oil refineries of hydrocarbons .
  
  • Iron metal alloy steel is used in the application of civil engineering and manufacturing.
  • Alloys of iron with nickel, vanadium, chromium, tungsten and manganese have very useful properties.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys, Sculptures, Statues  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
447.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
3
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
380.00 p.p.m.  
5
Physical
Melting Point
1,652.00 °C  
19
1,535.00 °C  
25
Boiling Point
3,402.00 °C  
20
2,750.00 °C  
39
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Gray  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
4.50  
10
4.00  
11
Brinell Hardness
893.00 MPa  
11
200.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
1,160.00 MPa  
14
608.00 MPa  
27
Speed of Sound
5,200.00 m/s  
10
5,120.00 m/s  
12
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.90  
18
2.60  
4
Reflectivity
60.00 %  
23
65.00 %  
18
Allotropes
No  
Yes  
α Allotropes
-  
Ferrite (alpha Iron)  
β Allotropes
-  
beta Iron  
γ Allotropes
-  
gamma Iron  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Lu  
Fe  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35  
4
26  
13
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.27  
35
1.83  
15
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.27  
27
2.20  
8
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.14  
29
1.64  
9
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.27  
34
1.83  
16
Allen Electronegativity
1.27  
99+
1.80  
15
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.73  
20
2.17  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
523.50 kJ/mol  
99+
762.50 kJ/mol  
17
2nd Energy Level
1,340.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,561.90 kJ/mol  
37
3rd Energy Level
2,022.30 kJ/mol  
99+
2,957.00 kJ/mol  
29
4th Energy Level
4,370.00 kJ/mol  
38
5,290.00 kJ/mol  
25
5th Energy Level
6,445.00 kJ/mol  
34
7,240.00 kJ/mol  
25
6th Energy Level
5,230.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9,560.00 kJ/mol  
20
7th Energy level
5,230.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12,060.00 kJ/mol  
15
8th Energy Level
5,230.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14,580.00 kJ/mol  
14
9th Energy Level
5,230.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22,540.00 kJ/mol  
5
10th Energy Level
5,230.00 kJ/mol  
99+
25,290.00 kJ/mol  
8
11th Energy Level
5,235.00 kJ/mol  
99+
28,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
12th Energy Level
5,230.00 kJ/mol  
99+
31,920.00 kJ/mol  
31
13th Energy Level
5,230.00 kJ/mol  
99+
34,830.00 kJ/mol  
9
14th Energy Level
5,230.00 kJ/mol  
99+
37,840.00 kJ/mol  
11
15th Energy Level
52,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
44,100.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
52,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
47,206.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
523.50 kJ/mol  
99+
122,200.00 kJ/mol  
1
18th Energy Level
5,230.00 kJ/mol  
99+
131,000.00 kJ/mol  
2
19th Energy Level
523.50 kJ/mol  
99+
140,500.00 kJ/mol  
3
20th Energy Level
523.00 kJ/mol  
99+
152,600.00 kJ/mol  
5
21st Energy Level
523.50 kJ/mol  
99+
163,000.00 kJ/mol  
5
22nd Energy Level
523.00 kJ/mol  
99+
173,600.00 kJ/mol  
4
23rd Energy Level
5,230.00 kJ/mol  
28
188,100.00 kJ/mol  
4
24th Energy Level
523.50 kJ/mol  
99+
195,200.00 kJ/mol  
1
25th Energy Level
523.00 kJ/mol  
99+
762.00 kJ/mol  
15
26th Energy Level
523.50 kJ/mol  
99+
762.50 kJ/mol  
15
27th Energy Level
523.50 kJ/mol  
99+
762.50 kJ/mol  
14
28th Energy Level
523.50 kJ/mol  
99+
762.50 kJ/mol  
20
29th Energy Level
523.50 kJ/mol  
99+
762.50 kJ/mol  
20
30th Energy Level
523.00 kJ/mol  
99+
762.00 kJ/mol  
15
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.18 g/amp-hr  
27
0.69 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
3.30 eV  
99+
4.70 eV  
15
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
71  
99+
26  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 6s2 4f14 5d1  
[Ar] 3d6 4s2  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
71  
99+
26  
99+
Number of Neutrons
104  
31
30  
99+
Number of Electrons
71  
99+
26  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
174.00 pm  
22
126.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
187.00 pm  
20
132.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
221.00 pm  
27
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
174.97 amu  
40
55.85 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
17.78 cm3/mol  
99+
7.10 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Ytterbium
  
Manganese
  
Next Element
Hafnium
  
Cobalt
  
Valence Electron Potential
50.90 (-eV)  
27
67.00 (-eV)  
20
Lattice Constant
350.31 pm  
99+
286.65 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.59  
32
1.35  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
9.84 g/cm3  
99+
7.87 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.30 g/cm3  
99+
6.98 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
230.00 MPa  
18
11,000.00 MPa  
1
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
19
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
35
0.00 (Pa)  
30
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
3.18 (Pa)  
11
36.80 (Pa)  
5
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
27.20 GPa  
33
82.00 GPa  
11
Bulk Modulus
47.60 GPa  
25
170.00 GPa  
10
Young's Modulus
68.60 GPa  
32
211.00 GPa  
9
Poisson Ratio
0.26  
21
0.29  
15
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
Ductile, Malleable, Weldable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
9.84  
99+
7.20  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Ferromagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
9
0.01 H/m  
1
Susceptibility
0.00  
14
200,000.00  
1
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
582.00 nΩ·m  
9
96.10 nΩ·m  
32
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.10 106/cm Ω  
24
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
15.70 kJ/mol  
40
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.15 J/(kg K)  
37
0.44 J/(kg K)  
13
Molar Heat Capacity
26.86 J/mol·K  
31
25.10 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
16.40 W/m·K  
99+
80.40 W/m·K  
22
Critical Temperature
1,925.00 K  
23
1,811.00 K  
29
Thermal Expansion
9.90 µm/(m·K)  
99+
11.80 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
355.90 kJ/mol  
32
351.00 kJ/mol  
33
Enthalpy of Fusion
18.70 kJ/mol  
13
14.90 kJ/mol  
23
Enthalpy of Atomization
398.00 kJ/mol  
26
414.20 kJ/mol  
24
Standard Molar Entropy
51.00 J/mol.K  
99+
27.30 J/mol.K  
99+
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