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Magnesium vs Tin

Magnesium
Tin
Tin vs Magnesium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Mg   
Sn   
Group Number
2   
16
14   
4
Period Number
3   
5   
Block
s block   
p block   
Element Family
Alkaline Earth   
Post-​Transition   
CAS Number
7439954   
99+
7440315   
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
I41/amd   
Space Group Number
194.00   
5
141.00   
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Magnesium ions are present in every chlorophyll of every green plant .
  • Controlling Magnesium fire by pouring water on it will result in explosions.
  
  • In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
  • Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
  
Sources
By Electrolysis Process, In Ocean, Mining   
Found in Minerals, Mining   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Joseph Black   
Unknown   
Discovery
In 1755   
Before 3500 BC   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
6 * 10-2 %   
2
4 * 10-7 %   
20
Abundance In Sun
~0.07 %   
2
~0.0000009 %   
19
Abundance In Meteorites
12.00 %   
2
0.00 %   
24
Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.90 %   
4
0.00 %   
34
Abundance In Oceans
0.13 %   
2
0.00 %   
26
Abundance In Humans
0.03 %   
4
0.00 %   
13
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Magnesium aluminum alloy improves the mechanical strength and welding characteristics and hence it is used in aeroplane and car manufacturing.
  • It is also used to remove sulfur from the molten iron and steel.
  
  • Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
  • Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Pharmaceutical Industry   
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Dentistry   
Other Uses
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   
NA   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
37.80 Blood/mg dm-3   
5
0.38 Blood/mg dm-3   
10
In Bone
1,800.00 p.p.m.   
4
1.40 p.p.m.   
16
Physical Properties
Melting Point
650.00 °C   
99+
231.90 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
1,107.00 °C   
99+
2,270.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Gray   
Silvery White   
Luster
NA   
NA   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.50   
14
1.50   
18
Brinell Hardness
260.00 MPa   
36
50.00 MPa   
99+
Speed of Sound
4,940.00 m/s   
11
2,730.00 m/s   
32
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
74.00 %   
7
Not Available   
Allotropes
No   
Yes   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
White Tin (Beta Tin)   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Mg   
Sn   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
15   
24
35   
4
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.31   
31
1.96   
8
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.32   
18
1.49   
15
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.23   
25
1.72   
4
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.37   
16
2.21   
3
Allen Electronegativity
1.29   
35
1.82   
11
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.69   
23
2.04   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
737.70 kJ/mol   
24
708.60 kJ/mol   
33
2nd Energy Level
1,450.70 kJ/mol   
99+
1,411.80 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
7,732.70 kJ/mol   
5
2,943.00 kJ/mol   
30
4th Energy Level
10,542.50 kJ/mol   
4
3,930.30 kJ/mol   
99+
5th Energy Level
13,630.00 kJ/mol   
3
7,456.00 kJ/mol   
13
6th Energy Level
18,020.00 kJ/mol   
3
Not Available   
7th Energy level
21,711.00 kJ/mol   
3
Not Available   
8th Energy Level
25,661.00 kJ/mol   
3
Not Available   
9th Energy Level
31,653.00 kJ/mol   
3
Not Available   
10th Energy Level
35,458.00 kJ/mol   
5
Not Available   
11th Energy Level
169,988.00 kJ/mol   
1
Not Available   
12th Energy Level
189,368.00 kJ/mol   
1
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.45 g/amp-hr   
99+
1.11 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
3.66 eV   
29
4.42 eV   
16
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Highly Inflammable, Ionization, Solubility   
Ionization, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
12   
99+
50   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ne] 3s2   
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2   
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Tetragonal (TETR)   
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Magnesium.jpg#100   
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
12   
99+
50   
99+
Number of Neutrons
12   
99+
69   
99+
Number of Electrons
12   
99+
50   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
160.00 pm   
27
140.00 pm   
38
Covalent Radius
141.00 pm   
99+
139.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
173.00 pm   
37
217.00 pm   
23
Atomic Weight
24.31 amu   
99+
118.71 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
13.97 cm3/mol   
37
16.30 cm3/mol   
32
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Sodium
  
Indium
  
Next Element
Aluminium
  
Cesium
  
Valence Electron Potential
40.00 (-eV)   
99+
83.50 (-eV)   
14
Lattice Constant
320.94 pm   
99+
583.18 pm   
7
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
1.74 g/cm3   
99+
7.37 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.58 g/cm3   
99+
6.99 g/cm3   
34
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
17
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
17.00 GPa   
37
18.00 GPa   
36
Bulk Modulus
45.00 GPa   
25
58.00 GPa   
20
Young's Modulus
45.00 GPa   
39
50.00 GPa   
36
Poisson Ratio
0.29   
15
0.36   
8
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile, Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
1.74   
99+
7.31   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Superconductor   
Resistivity
43.90 nΩ·m   
99+
115.00 nΩ·m   
28
Electrical Conductivity
0.23 106/cm Ω   
7
0.09 106/cm Ω   
23
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
107.30 kJ/mol   
8
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
1.02 J/(kg K)   
4
0.23 J/(kg K)   
28
Molar Heat Capacity
24.87 J/mol·K   
99+
27.11 J/mol·K   
20
Thermal Conductivity
156.00 W/m·K   
8
66.80 W/m·K   
25
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
24.80 µm/(m·K)   
15
22.00 µm/(m·K)   
20
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
128.70 kJ/mol   
99+
290.40 kJ/mol   
32
Enthalpy of Fusion
8.95 kJ/mol   
39
7.03 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
148.50 kJ/mol   
99+
301.30 kJ/mol   
35
Standard Molar Entropy
32.70 J/mol.K   
99+
51.20 J/mol.K   
29
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