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Osmium vs Darmstadtium

Osmium
Darmstadtium
Darmstadtium vs Osmium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Os  
Ds  
Group Number
8  
10
10  
8
Period Number
6  
7  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Probably Transition  
CAS Number
7440042  
99+
54083771  
8
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
-  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
166.00  
9
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Osmium metal does not oxidize in air unless it is heated.
  • But if it heated den it forms Osmium Tetroxide, which is highly toxic.
  
Darmstadtium is a synthetic element that is highly radioactive.  
Sources
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining  
Synthetically Produced  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Smithson Tennant  
Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung  
Discovery
In 1803  
In 1994  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
22
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
25
-  
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
28
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
-  
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
99+
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Its has very limited uses and its alloys are very hard and are used in the manufacturing of pen tips, pivots, needles and electrical contacts.
  • It is also used as industrial catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.
  
  • Currently known uses of Darmstadtium metal are limited to research purpose only. As only few atoms of this metal are produced.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic  
-  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
3,045.00 °C  
3
-  
Boiling Point
5,027.00 °C  
6
0.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery Bluish-Gray  
-  
Luster
Metallic  
Unknown Luster  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
7.00  
3
6.00  
6
Brinell Hardness
3,490.00 MPa  
1
350.00 MPa  
36
Vickers Hardness
3,920.00 MPa  
1
500.00 MPa  
35
Speed of Sound
4,940.00 m/s  
15
5,090.00 m/s  
13
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.07  
12
1.30  
99+
Reflectivity
80.00 %  
7
50.00 %  
31
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Os  
Ds  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35  
4
9  
29
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.20  
5
1.10  
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.20  
8
1.30  
25
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.52  
13
1.10  
31
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.20  
6
1.10  
99+
Allen Electronegativity
1.65  
22
1.10  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.80  
99+
2.20  
39
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
12
955.20 kJ/mol  
5
2nd Energy Level
1,309.80 kJ/mol  
99+
1,891.10 kJ/mol  
16
3rd Energy Level
1,600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,029.60 kJ/mol  
25
4th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,955.90 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
10
5,113.70 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
30
10,700.00 kJ/mol  
12
7th Energy level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
25
3,540.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
25
6,630.00 kJ/mol  
40
9th Energy Level
5,280.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,180.00 kJ/mol  
29
10th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
26
10,700.00 kJ/mol  
20
11th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
23
3,540.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
34,800.00 kJ/mol  
28
13th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
18
5,280.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,130.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
84,000.00 kJ/mol  
12
34,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
34,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
29
1,139.00 kJ/mol  
18
18th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
18
1,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
27
1,139.90 kJ/mol  
15
20th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
19
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
39
1,080.00 kJ/mol  
32
22nd Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
15
350.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,100.00 kJ/mol  
35
24th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
11
565.80 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
9
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
9
582.30 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
713.30 kJ/mol  
24
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
840.10 kJ/mol  
13
1,130.00 kJ/mol  
4
29th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
13
1,130.00 kJ/mol  
4
30th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
9
663.20 kJ/mol  
33
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.77 g/amp-hr  
99+
3.00 g/amp-hr  
21
Electron Work Function
4.83 eV  
13
4.90 eV  
12
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
76  
40
110  
8
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2  
[Rn] 5f14 6d8 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
76  
39
110  
8
Number of Neutrons
114  
26
161  
4
Number of Electrons
76  
39
110  
8
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
133.80 pm  
99+
132.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
128.00 pm  
99+
128.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
216.00 pm  
30
0.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
190.23 amu  
35
281.00 amu  
6
Atomic Volume
8.49 cm3/mol  
99+
20.50 cm3/mol  
29
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Rhenium
  
Meitnerium
  
Next Element
Iridium
  
Roentgenium
  
Valence Electron Potential
91.40 (-eV)  
12
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
273.44 pm  
99+
0.00 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58  
37
1.61  
19
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
22.59 g/cm3  
9
35.00 g/cm3  
4
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
20.00 g/cm3  
11
34.80 g/cm3  
5
Tensile Strength
1,000.00 MPa  
4
0.10 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
3
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
16
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
39
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
222.00 GPa  
1
33.00 GPa  
23
Bulk Modulus
462.00 GPa  
1
38.00 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
528.00 GPa  
1
0.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.25  
24
0.25  
24
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
22.57  
11
34.80  
7
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
-  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
17
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
-  
Resistivity
81.20 nΩ·m  
35
8.30 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.11 106/cm Ω  
21
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
106.10 kJ/mol  
10
-  
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
24.70 J/mol·K  
99+
27.30 J/mol·K  
23
Thermal Conductivity
87.60 W/m·K  
19
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
3,300.00 K  
3
1,323.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
5.10 µm/(m·K)  
99+
12.90 µm/(m·K)  
38
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
627.60 kJ/mol  
8
348.90 kJ/mol  
34
Enthalpy of Fusion
29.30 kJ/mol  
4
-  
Enthalpy of Atomization
669.00 kJ/mol  
6
-  
Standard Molar Entropy
32.60 J/mol.K  
99+
57.00 J/mol.K  
30
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