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Osmium vs Technetium

Osmium
Technetium
Technetium vs Osmium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Os  
Tc  
Group Number
8  
10
7  
11
Period Number
6  
5  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440042  
99+
7440268  
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Osmium metal does not oxidize in air unless it is heated.
  • But if it heated den it forms Osmium Tetroxide, which is highly toxic.
  
  • Original name of Technetium was Masurium.
  • At the time of its discovery it found in sample of Molybdenum.
  
Sources
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining  
Made by Bombarding Molybdenum with Deuterons  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Smithson Tennant  
Emilio Segrè and Carlo Perriero  
Discovery
In 1803  
In 1937  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
22
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
25
0.00 %  
18
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
28
-  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
99+
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Its has very limited uses and its alloys are very hard and are used in the manufacturing of pen tips, pivots, needles and electrical contacts.
  • It is also used as industrial catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.
  
  • Technetium is a radioactive metal and hence it is used for medical studies and other research purposes.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic  
Low Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
3,045.00 °C  
3
2,200.00 °C  
9
Boiling Point
5,027.00 °C  
6
4,877.00 °C  
7
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery Bluish-Gray  
Shiny Gray  
Luster
Metallic  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
7.00  
3
2.25  
16
Brinell Hardness
3,490.00 MPa  
1
550.00 MPa  
27
Vickers Hardness
3,920.00 MPa  
1
500.00 MPa  
35
Speed of Sound
4,940.00 m/s  
15
16,200.00 m/s  
1
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.07  
12
1.90  
18
Reflectivity
80.00 %  
7
35.00 %  
34
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Os  
Tc  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35  
4
18  
21
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.20  
5
1.90  
12
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.20  
8
1.90  
13
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.52  
13
1.36  
21
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.20  
6
1.90  
13
Allen Electronegativity
1.65  
22
1.51  
31
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.80  
99+
2.10  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
12
702.00 kJ/mol  
36
2nd Energy Level
1,309.80 kJ/mol  
99+
1,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,850.00 kJ/mol  
34
4th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
14
5th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
10
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
28
6th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
30
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
25
4,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
25
4,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
5,280.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
35
10th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
26
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
39
11th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
23
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
37
12th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
18
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
33
14th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
23
15th Energy Level
84,000.00 kJ/mol  
12
70,200.00 kJ/mol  
29
16th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
70,200.00 kJ/mol  
24
17th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
29
702.50 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
18
7,020.00 kJ/mol  
35
19th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
27
702.00 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
19
702.00 kJ/mol  
35
21st Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
39
702.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
15
702.00 kJ/mol  
29
23rd Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
702.00 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
11
702.50 kJ/mol  
28
25th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
9
702.00 kJ/mol  
30
26th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
9
702.00 kJ/mol  
29
27th Energy Level
713.30 kJ/mol  
24
702.00 kJ/mol  
30
28th Energy Level
840.10 kJ/mol  
13
702.00 kJ/mol  
35
29th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
13
702.00 kJ/mol  
36
30th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
9
702.00 kJ/mol  
30
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.77 g/amp-hr  
99+
0.52 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.83 eV  
13
4.90 eV  
12
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility  
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
76  
40
43  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2  
[Kr] 4d5 5s2  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Technetium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
76  
39
43  
99+
Number of Neutrons
114  
26
55  
99+
Number of Electrons
76  
39
43  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
133.80 pm  
99+
136.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
128.00 pm  
99+
147.00 pm  
39
Van der Waals Radius
216.00 pm  
30
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
190.23 amu  
35
98.00 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
8.49 cm3/mol  
99+
8.50 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Rhenium
  
Molybdenum
  
Next Element
Iridium
  
Ruthenium
  
Valence Electron Potential
91.40 (-eV)  
12
180.00 (-eV)  
3
Lattice Constant
273.44 pm  
99+
273.50 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58  
37
1.60  
21
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
22.59 g/cm3  
9
11.00 g/cm3  
36
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
20.00 g/cm3  
11
11.00 g/cm3  
34
Tensile Strength
1,000.00 MPa  
4
50.00 MPa  
38
Viscosity
0.00  
3
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
16
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
39
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
222.00 GPa  
1
27.00 GPa  
34
Bulk Modulus
462.00 GPa  
1
100.00 GPa  
16
Young's Modulus
528.00 GPa  
1
50.00 GPa  
39
Poisson Ratio
0.25  
24
0.38  
6
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
22.57  
11
11.50  
37
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
17
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
81.20 nΩ·m  
35
200.00 nΩ·m  
18
Electrical Conductivity
0.11 106/cm Ω  
21
0.07 106/cm Ω  
35
Electron Affinity
106.10 kJ/mol  
10
53.00 kJ/mol  
23
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.21 J/(kg K)  
30
Molar Heat Capacity
24.70 J/mol·K  
99+
24.27 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
87.60 W/m·K  
19
50.60 W/m·K  
30
Critical Temperature
3,300.00 K  
3
2,150.00 K  
16
Thermal Expansion
5.10 µm/(m·K)  
99+
7.10 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
627.60 kJ/mol  
8
660.00 kJ/mol  
7
Enthalpy of Fusion
29.30 kJ/mol  
4
23.01 kJ/mol  
9
Enthalpy of Atomization
669.00 kJ/mol  
6
649.00 kJ/mol  
9
Standard Molar Entropy
32.60 J/mol.K  
99+
181.10 J/mol.K  
2
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