Platinum Platinum Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Pt
Pt
Group Number
10
8
10
8
Period Number
6
6
Block
d block
d block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440064
99+
7440064
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
Fm_ 3m
Space Group Number
225.00
2
225.00
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Platinum is the rarest metal from the Precious metal categories..
- Commercially Platinum is produced as a byproduct in ores of nickel.
- Platinum is the rarest metal from the Precious metal categories..
- Commercially Platinum is produced as a byproduct in ores of nickel.
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Antonio de Ulloa
Antonio de Ulloa
Discovery
In 1735
In 1735
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-7 %
19
5 * 10-7 %
19
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000009 %
19
~0.0000009 %
19
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
25
0.00 %
25
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
99+
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Platinum metal is mainly used in jewellery.
- Platinum is used as an industrial catalyst in production of nitric acid, silicone and benzene.
- Platinum metal is mainly used in jewellery.
- Platinum is used as an industrial catalyst in production of nitric acid, silicone and benzene.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Chemical Industry
Aerospace Industry, Chemical Industry
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
No
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,772.00 °C
16
1,772.00 °C
16
Boiling Point
3,827.00 °C
15
3,827.00 °C
15
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
3.50
11
3.50
11
Brinell Hardness
300.00 MPa
34
300.00 MPa
34
Vickers Hardness
400.00 MPa
25
400.00 MPa
25
Speed of Sound
2,800.00 m/s
29
2,800.00 m/s
29
Optical Properties
Reflectivity
73.00 %
8
73.00 %
8
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pt
Pt
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
35
4
35
4
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
2.28
3
2.28
3
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.44
17
1.44
17
Allen Electronegativity
1.72
16
1.72
16
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
1.72
99+
1.72
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol
10
870.00 kJ/mol
10
2nd Energy Level
1,791.00 kJ/mol
21
1,791.00 kJ/mol
21
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.82 g/amp-hr
35
1.82 g/amp-hr
35
Electron Work Function
5.65 eV
1
5.65 eV
1
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
78
38
78
38
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Platinum.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Platinum.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
78
38
78
38
Number of Neutrons
117
24
117
24
Number of Electrons
78
38
78
38
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm
39
139.00 pm
39
Covalent Radius
136.00 pm
99+
136.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
175.00 pm
36
175.00 pm
36
Atomic Weight
47.87 amu
99+
47.87 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
9.09 cm3/mol
99+
9.09 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
392.42 (-eV)
1
392.42 (-eV)
1
Lattice Constant
392.42 pm
24
392.42 pm
24
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
21.45 g/cm3
11
21.45 g/cm3
11
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
19.77 g/cm3
2
19.77 g/cm3
2
Tensile Strength
125.00 MPa
14
125.00 MPa
14
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.07 (Pa)
18
0.07 (Pa)
18
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
61.00 GPa
14
61.00 GPa
14
Bulk Modulus
230.00 GPa
6
230.00 GPa
6
Young's Modulus
168.00 GPa
14
168.00 GPa
14
Poisson Ratio
0.38
6
0.38
6
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
21.45
4
21.45
4
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Permeability
0.00 H/m
3
0.00 H/m
3
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
105.00 nΩ·m
30
105.00 nΩ·m
30
Electrical Conductivity
0.10 106/cm Ω
21
0.10 106/cm Ω
21
Electron Affinity
205.30 kJ/mol
2
205.30 kJ/mol
2
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
Molar Heat Capacity
25.86 J/mol·K
35
25.86 J/mol·K
35
Thermal Conductivity
71.60 W/m·K
24
71.60 W/m·K
24
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
8.80 µm/(m·K)
99+
8.80 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
510.50 kJ/mol
11
510.50 kJ/mol
11
Enthalpy of Fusion
19.70 kJ/mol
12
19.70 kJ/mol
12
Enthalpy of Atomization
565.00 kJ/mol
11
565.00 kJ/mol
11
Standard Molar Entropy
41.60 J/mol.K
36
41.60 J/mol.K
36
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