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Platinum Vanadium Comparison

Platinum
Vanadium
Vanadium Platinum comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pt   
V   
Group Number
10   
8
5   
13
Period Number
6   
4   
Block
d block   
d block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440064   
99+
7440622   
27
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m   
Im_ 3m   
Space Group Number
225.00   
2
229.00   
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Platinum is the rarest metal from the Precious metal categories..
  • Commercially Platinum is produced as a byproduct in ores of nickel.
  
  • Vanadium is a highly reactive metal, hence it is not found free in nature.
  • Vanadium can be found in almost 65 different types of minerals.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals   
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Antonio de Ulloa   
Andrés Manuel del Río   
Discovery
In 1735   
In 1801   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-7 %   
19
1 * 10-4 %   
10
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000009 %   
19
~0.00004 %   
13
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
25
0.01 %   
14
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
0.02 %   
12
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
14
Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
16
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Platinum metal is mainly used in jewellery.
  • Platinum is used as an industrial catalyst in production of nitric acid, silicone and benzene.
  
  • Its ally with steel is used very tough and hence it is used in armor plates, axles, piston rods, tools and crankshafts.
  • Its oxide is used as pigments for glass and ceramics.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Chemical Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry   
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
In Blood
Not Available   
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
36
In Bone
Not Available   
0.00 p.p.m.   
31
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,772.00 °C   
16
1,890.00 °C   
13
Boiling Point
3,827.00 °C   
15
3,380.00 °C   
20
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Blue-Silver Grey   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
3.50   
11
6.70   
4
Brinell Hardness
300.00 MPa   
34
600.00 MPa   
20
Vickers Hardness
400.00 MPa   
25
628.00 MPa   
17
Speed of Sound
2,800.00 m/s   
29
4,560.00 m/s   
17
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
73.00 %   
8
61.00 %   
14
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pt   
V   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35   
4
22   
17
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.28   
3
1.63   
20
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.39   
17
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.44   
17
1.45   
16
Allen Electronegativity
1.72   
16
1.53   
26
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.72   
99+
2.37   
34
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol   
10
650.90 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,791.00 kJ/mol   
21
1,414.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
Not Available   
2,830.00 kJ/mol   
35
4th Energy Level
Not Available   
4,507.00 kJ/mol   
25
5th Energy Level
Not Available   
6,298.70 kJ/mol   
23
6th Energy Level
Not Available   
12,363.00 kJ/mol   
5
7th Energy level
Not Available   
14,530.00 kJ/mol   
5
8th Energy Level
Not Available   
16,730.00 kJ/mol   
7
9th Energy Level
Not Available   
19,860.00 kJ/mol   
7
10th Energy Level
Not Available   
22,240.00 kJ/mol   
12
11th Energy Level
Not Available   
24,670.00 kJ/mol   
15
12th Energy Level
Not Available   
29,730.00 kJ/mol   
12
13th Energy Level
Not Available   
32,446.00 kJ/mol   
12
14th Energy Level
Not Available   
86,450.00 kJ/mol   
1
15th Energy Level
Not Available   
94,170.00 kJ/mol   
2
16th Energy Level
Not Available   
102,300.00 kJ/mol   
3
17th Energy Level
Not Available   
112,700.00 kJ/mol   
4
18th Energy Level
Not Available   
121,600.00 kJ/mol   
5
19th Energy Level
Not Available   
130,700.00 kJ/mol   
6
20th Energy Level
Not Available   
143,400.00 kJ/mol   
8
21st Energy Level
Not Available   
151,440.00 kJ/mol   
8
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.82 g/amp-hr   
35
0.38 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
5.65 eV   
1
4.30 eV   
18
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization   
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
78   
38
23   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1   
[Ar] 3d3 4s2   
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Platinum.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
78   
38
23   
99+
Number of Neutrons
117   
24
28   
99+
Number of Electrons
78   
38
23   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm   
39
134.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
136.00 pm   
99+
153.00 pm   
33
Van der Waals Radius
175.00 pm   
36
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
47.87 amu   
99+
50.94 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
9.09 cm3/mol   
99+
8.78 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Iridium
  
Titanium
  
Next Element
Gold
  
Chromium
  
Valence Electron Potential
392.42 (-eV)   
1
120.00 (-eV)   
6
Lattice Constant
392.42 pm   
24
303.00 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
21.45 g/cm3   
11
6.00 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
19.77 g/cm3   
2
5.50 g/cm3   
99+
Tensile Strength
125.00 MPa   
14
800.00 MPa   
6
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.07 (Pa)   
18
0.23 (Pa)   
16
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
61.00 GPa   
14
47.00 GPa   
16
Bulk Modulus
230.00 GPa   
6
160.00 GPa   
11
Young's Modulus
168.00 GPa   
14
128.00 GPa   
15
Poisson Ratio
0.38   
6
0.37   
7
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
Ductile, Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
21.45   
4
5.96   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Permeability
0.00 H/m   
3
Not Available   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Superconductor   
Resistivity
105.00 nΩ·m   
30
197.00 nΩ·m   
19
Electrical Conductivity
0.10 106/cm Ω   
21
0.05 106/cm Ω   
35
Electron Affinity
205.30 kJ/mol   
2
50.60 kJ/mol   
20
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
0.49 J/(kg K)   
10
Molar Heat Capacity
25.86 J/mol·K   
35
24.89 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
71.60 W/m·K   
24
30.70 W/m·K   
39
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
8.80 µm/(m·K)   
99+
8.40 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
510.50 kJ/mol   
11
458.60 kJ/mol   
14
Enthalpy of Fusion
19.70 kJ/mol   
12
17.57 kJ/mol   
14
Enthalpy of Atomization
565.00 kJ/mol   
11
514.60 kJ/mol   
13
Standard Molar Entropy
41.60 J/mol.K   
36
28.90 J/mol.K   
99+
Summary >>
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