Platinum vs Copper
Periodic Table
Symbol
Pt
Cu
Group Number
10
8
11
7
Period Number
6
4
Block
d block
d block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440064
99+
7440508
37
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
Fm_ 3m
Space Group Number
225.00
2
225.00
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Platinum is the rarest metal from the Precious metal categories..
- Commercially Platinum is produced as a byproduct in ores of nickel.
- Copper rarely found in its pure form in nature.
- Copper Sulfate is mostly used in agricultural poison and as an algicide in water purification system.
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Antonio de Ulloa
Unknown
Discovery
In 1735
In Middle East (9000 BCE)
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-7 %
19
6 * 10-6 %
12
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000009 %
19
~0.00007 %
12
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
25
0.01 %
13
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
0.01 %
17
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
0.00 %
8
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
0.00 %
9
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Platinum metal is mainly used in jewellery.
- Platinum is used as an industrial catalyst in production of nitric acid, silicone and benzene.
- It is use for coinage and bullion.
- Most of copper element is used in manufacturing electrical and electronic equipments such as wirings and components. It is also used in construction and industrial machine.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Chemical Industry
Chemical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
NA
Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Alloys, Coinage, Jewellery
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
Yes
In Blood
Not Available
1.01 Blood/mg dm-3
8
In Bone
Not Available
26.00 p.p.m.
12
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,772.00 °C
16
1,084.62 °C
40
Boiling Point
3,827.00 °C
15
2,562.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Copper
Luster
Metallic
NA
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
3.50
11
3.00
12
Brinell Hardness
300.00 MPa
34
235.00 MPa
38
Vickers Hardness
400.00 MPa
25
343.00 MPa
28
Speed of Sound
2,800.00 m/s
29
3,810.00 m/s
19
Optical Properties
Reflectivity
73.00 %
8
90.00 %
3
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pt
Cu
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
35
4
29
10
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
2.28
3
1.90
11
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
1.98
9
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.44
17
1.75
3
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
1.49
14
Allen Electronegativity
1.72
16
1.85
9
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
1.72
99+
2.10
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol
10
745.50 kJ/mol
22
2nd Energy Level
1,791.00 kJ/mol
21
1,957.90 kJ/mol
15
3rd Energy Level
Not Available
3,555.00 kJ/mol
15
4th Energy Level
Not Available
5,536.00 kJ/mol
12
5th Energy Level
Not Available
7,700.00 kJ/mol
11
6th Energy Level
Not Available
9,900.00 kJ/mol
10
7th Energy level
Not Available
13,400.00 kJ/mol
7
8th Energy Level
Not Available
16,000.00 kJ/mol
9
9th Energy Level
Not Available
19,200.00 kJ/mol
9
10th Energy Level
Not Available
22,400.00 kJ/mol
11
11th Energy Level
Not Available
25,600.00 kJ/mol
13
12th Energy Level
Not Available
35,600.00 kJ/mol
6
13th Energy Level
Not Available
38,700.00 kJ/mol
6
14th Energy Level
Not Available
42,000.00 kJ/mol
7
15th Energy Level
Not Available
46,700.00 kJ/mol
9
16th Energy Level
Not Available
50,200.00 kJ/mol
10
17th Energy Level
Not Available
53,700.00 kJ/mol
12
18th Energy Level
Not Available
61,100.00 kJ/mol
10
19th Energy Level
Not Available
64,702.00 kJ/mol
11
20th Energy Level
Not Available
163,700.00 kJ/mol
2
21st Energy Level
Not Available
174,100.00 kJ/mol
2
22nd Energy Level
Not Available
184,900.00 kJ/mol
1
23rd Energy Level
Not Available
198,800.00 kJ/mol
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.82 g/amp-hr
35
1.19 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
5.65 eV
1
4.65 eV
11
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
78
38
29
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1
[Ar] 3d10 4s1
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Platinum.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Copper.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
78
38
29
99+
Number of Neutrons
117
24
35
99+
Number of Electrons
78
38
29
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm
39
128.00 pm
99+
Covalent Radius
136.00 pm
99+
132.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
175.00 pm
36
140.00 pm
99+
Atomic Weight
47.87 amu
99+
63.55 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
9.09 cm3/mol
99+
7.10 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
392.42 (-eV)
1
34.00 (-eV)
99+
Lattice Constant
392.42 pm
24
361.49 pm
35
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
21.45 g/cm3
11
8.96 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
19.77 g/cm3
2
8.02 g/cm3
27
Tensile Strength
125.00 MPa
14
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
1.53 (Pa)
8
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.07 (Pa)
18
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
61.00 GPa
14
48.00 GPa
15
Bulk Modulus
230.00 GPa
6
140.00 GPa
12
Young's Modulus
168.00 GPa
14
120.00 GPa
17
Poisson Ratio
0.38
6
0.34
10
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
21.45
4
8.89
34
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
Permeability
0.00 H/m
3
1.256629 * 10-6 H/m
5
Susceptibility
Not Available
-9.63 * 10-6
4
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
105.00 nΩ·m
30
16.78 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.10 106/cm Ω
21
0.60 106/cm Ω
2
Electron Affinity
205.30 kJ/mol
2
222.80 kJ/mol
1
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
0.38 J/(kg K)
15
Molar Heat Capacity
25.86 J/mol·K
35
24.44 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
71.60 W/m·K
24
401.00 W/m·K
2
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
8.80 µm/(m·K)
99+
16.50 µm/(m·K)
25
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
510.50 kJ/mol
11
283.70 kJ/mol
33
Enthalpy of Fusion
19.70 kJ/mol
12
7.11 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
565.00 kJ/mol
11
338.90 kJ/mol
29
Standard Molar Entropy
41.60 J/mol.K
36
33.20 J/mol.K
99+
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