Platinum vs Magnesium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Pt
Mg
Group Number
10
8
2
16
Period Number
6
3
Block
d block
s block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Alkaline Earth
CAS Number
7440064
99+
7439954
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
225.00
2
194.00
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Platinum is the rarest metal from the Precious metal categories..
- Commercially Platinum is produced as a byproduct in ores of nickel.
- Magnesium ions are present in every chlorophyll of every green plant .
- Controlling Magnesium fire by pouring water on it will result in explosions.
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
By Electrolysis Process, In Ocean, Mining
History
Who Discovered
Antonio de Ulloa
Joseph Black
Discovery
In 1735
In 1755
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-7 %
19
6 * 10-2 %
2
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000009 %
19
~0.07 %
2
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
25
12.00 %
2
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
2.90 %
4
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
0.13 %
2
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
0.03 %
4
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Platinum metal is mainly used in jewellery.
- Platinum is used as an industrial catalyst in production of nitric acid, silicone and benzene.
- Magnesium aluminum alloy improves the mechanical strength and welding characteristics and hence it is used in aeroplane and car manufacturing.
- It is also used to remove sulfur from the molten iron and steel.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Chemical Industry
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Pharmaceutical Industry
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
NA
Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
Yes
In Blood
Not Available
37.80 Blood/mg dm-3
5
In Bone
Not Available
1,800.00 p.p.m.
4
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,772.00 °C
16
650.00 °C
99+
Boiling Point
3,827.00 °C
15
1,107.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Gray
Luster
Metallic
NA
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
3.50
11
2.50
14
Brinell Hardness
300.00 MPa
34
260.00 MPa
36
Vickers Hardness
400.00 MPa
25
Not Available
Speed of Sound
2,800.00 m/s
29
4,940.00 m/s
11
Optical Properties
Reflectivity
73.00 %
8
74.00 %
7
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pt
Mg
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
35
4
15
24
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
2.28
3
1.31
31
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
1.32
18
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.44
17
1.23
25
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
1.37
16
Allen Electronegativity
1.72
16
1.29
35
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
1.72
99+
2.69
23
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol
10
737.70 kJ/mol
24
2nd Energy Level
1,791.00 kJ/mol
21
1,450.70 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
Not Available
7,732.70 kJ/mol
5
4th Energy Level
Not Available
10,542.50 kJ/mol
4
5th Energy Level
Not Available
13,630.00 kJ/mol
3
6th Energy Level
Not Available
18,020.00 kJ/mol
3
7th Energy level
Not Available
21,711.00 kJ/mol
3
8th Energy Level
Not Available
25,661.00 kJ/mol
3
9th Energy Level
Not Available
31,653.00 kJ/mol
3
10th Energy Level
Not Available
35,458.00 kJ/mol
5
11th Energy Level
Not Available
169,988.00 kJ/mol
1
12th Energy Level
Not Available
189,368.00 kJ/mol
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.82 g/amp-hr
35
0.45 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
5.65 eV
1
3.66 eV
29
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization
Corrosion, Highly Inflammable, Ionization, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
78
38
12
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1
[Ne] 3s2
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Platinum.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Magnesium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
78
38
12
99+
Number of Neutrons
117
24
12
99+
Number of Electrons
78
38
12
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm
39
160.00 pm
27
Covalent Radius
136.00 pm
99+
141.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
175.00 pm
36
173.00 pm
37
Atomic Weight
47.87 amu
99+
24.31 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
9.09 cm3/mol
99+
13.97 cm3/mol
37
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
392.42 (-eV)
1
40.00 (-eV)
99+
Lattice Constant
392.42 pm
24
320.94 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
21.45 g/cm3
11
1.74 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
19.77 g/cm3
2
1.58 g/cm3
99+
Tensile Strength
125.00 MPa
14
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.07 (Pa)
18
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
61.00 GPa
14
17.00 GPa
37
Bulk Modulus
230.00 GPa
6
45.00 GPa
25
Young's Modulus
168.00 GPa
14
45.00 GPa
39
Poisson Ratio
0.38
6
0.29
15
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
21.45
4
1.74
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Permeability
0.00 H/m
3
Not Available
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
105.00 nΩ·m
30
43.90 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.10 106/cm Ω
21
0.23 106/cm Ω
7
Electron Affinity
205.30 kJ/mol
2
0.00 kJ/mol
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
1.02 J/(kg K)
4
Molar Heat Capacity
25.86 J/mol·K
35
24.87 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
71.60 W/m·K
24
156.00 W/m·K
8
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
8.80 µm/(m·K)
99+
24.80 µm/(m·K)
15
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
510.50 kJ/mol
11
128.70 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
19.70 kJ/mol
12
8.95 kJ/mol
39
Enthalpy of Atomization
565.00 kJ/mol
11
148.50 kJ/mol
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
41.60 J/mol.K
36
32.70 J/mol.K
99+
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