Platinum vs Molybdenum
Periodic Table
Symbol
Pt
Mo
Group Number
10
8
6
12
Period Number
6
5
Block
d block
d block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440064
99+
7439987
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
Im_ 3m
Space Group Number
225.00
2
229.00
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Platinum is the rarest metal from the Precious metal categories..
- Commercially Platinum is produced as a byproduct in ores of nickel.
- Molybdenum is highly reactive metal, hence not found free in nature .
- Till 18th century Molybdenum element were often mistaken as a carbon or Lead.
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Antonio de Ulloa
Carl Wilhelm Scheele
Discovery
In 1735
In 1778
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-7 %
19
5 * 10-7 %
19
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000009 %
19
~0.0000009 %
19
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
25
0.00 %
24
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
39
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
0.00 %
9
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
0.00 %
14
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Platinum metal is mainly used in jewellery.
- Platinum is used as an industrial catalyst in production of nitric acid, silicone and benzene.
- Its alloys are used to make engine parts, drills, saw blade, etc.
- Lubricant additive made up of Molybdenum disulfide is commonly used in the industry. It is also used as a catalyst.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Chemical Industry
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
NA
Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
Yes
In Blood
Not Available
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
31
In Bone
Not Available
0.70 p.p.m.
18
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,772.00 °C
16
2,617.00 °C
5
Boiling Point
3,827.00 °C
15
4,612.00 °C
9
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Gray
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
3.50
11
5.50
7
Brinell Hardness
300.00 MPa
34
1,370.00 MPa
7
Vickers Hardness
400.00 MPa
25
1,400.00 MPa
6
Speed of Sound
2,800.00 m/s
29
5,400.00 m/s
6
Optical Properties
Reflectivity
73.00 %
8
58.00 %
15
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pt
Mo
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
35
4
25
14
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
2.28
3
2.16
5
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
1.15
19
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.44
17
1.30
24
Allen Electronegativity
1.72
16
2.16
3
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
1.72
99+
1.84
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol
10
684.30 kJ/mol
37
2nd Energy Level
1,791.00 kJ/mol
21
1,560.00 kJ/mol
37
3rd Energy Level
Not Available
2,618.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
Not Available
4,480.00 kJ/mol
26
5th Energy Level
Not Available
5,257.00 kJ/mol
32
6th Energy Level
Not Available
6,640.80 kJ/mol
22
7th Energy level
Not Available
12,125.00 kJ/mol
13
8th Energy Level
Not Available
13,860.00 kJ/mol
16
9th Energy Level
Not Available
15,835.00 kJ/mol
16
10th Energy Level
Not Available
17,980.00 kJ/mol
18
11th Energy Level
Not Available
20,190.00 kJ/mol
17
12th Energy Level
Not Available
22,219.00 kJ/mol
15
13th Energy Level
Not Available
26,930.00 kJ/mol
13
14th Energy Level
Not Available
29,196.00 kJ/mol
13
15th Energy Level
Not Available
52,490.00 kJ/mol
7
16th Energy Level
Not Available
55,000.00 kJ/mol
8
17th Energy Level
Not Available
61,400.00 kJ/mol
9
18th Energy Level
Not Available
67,700.00 kJ/mol
9
19th Energy Level
Not Available
74,000.00 kJ/mol
9
20th Energy Level
Not Available
80,400.00 kJ/mol
10
21st Energy Level
Not Available
87,000.00 kJ/mol
9
22nd Energy Level
Not Available
93,400.00 kJ/mol
7
23rd Energy Level
Not Available
98,420.00 kJ/mol
6
24th Energy Level
Not Available
104,400.00 kJ/mol
2
25th Energy Level
Not Available
121,900.00 kJ/mol
1
26th Energy Level
Not Available
127,700.00 kJ/mol
1
27th Energy Level
Not Available
133,800.00 kJ/mol
1
28th Energy Level
Not Available
139,800.00 kJ/mol
1
29th Energy Level
Not Available
148,100.00 kJ/mol
1
30th Energy Level
Not Available
154,500.00 kJ/mol
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.82 g/amp-hr
35
0.89 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
5.65 eV
1
4.60 eV
12
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
78
38
42
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1
[Kr] 4d5 5s1
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Platinum.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
78
38
42
99+
Number of Neutrons
117
24
54
99+
Number of Electrons
78
38
42
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm
39
139.00 pm
39
Covalent Radius
136.00 pm
99+
154.00 pm
32
Van der Waals Radius
175.00 pm
36
200.00 pm
28
Atomic Weight
47.87 amu
99+
95.95 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
9.09 cm3/mol
99+
9.40 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
392.42 (-eV)
1
88.60 (-eV)
13
Lattice Constant
392.42 pm
24
314.70 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
21.45 g/cm3
11
10.28 g/cm3
36
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
19.77 g/cm3
2
9.33 g/cm3
20
Tensile Strength
125.00 MPa
14
324.00 MPa
13
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.07 (Pa)
18
0.00 (Pa)
26
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
61.00 GPa
14
126.00 GPa
8
Bulk Modulus
230.00 GPa
6
230.00 GPa
6
Young's Modulus
168.00 GPa
14
329.00 GPa
6
Poisson Ratio
0.38
6
0.31
13
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile, Weldable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
21.45
4
10.22
27
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Permeability
0.00 H/m
3
Not Available
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Semiconductor
Resistivity
105.00 nΩ·m
30
53.40 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.10 106/cm Ω
21
0.19 106/cm Ω
11
Electron Affinity
205.30 kJ/mol
2
71.90 kJ/mol
14
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
0.25 J/(kg K)
21
Molar Heat Capacity
25.86 J/mol·K
35
24.06 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
71.60 W/m·K
24
138.00 W/m·K
12
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
8.80 µm/(m·K)
99+
4.80 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
510.50 kJ/mol
11
594.10 kJ/mol
8
Enthalpy of Fusion
19.70 kJ/mol
12
27.61 kJ/mol
5
Enthalpy of Atomization
565.00 kJ/mol
11
653.00 kJ/mol
7
Standard Molar Entropy
41.60 J/mol.K
36
28.70 J/mol.K
99+
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