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Platinum vs Tantalum

Platinum
Tantalum
Tantalum vs Platinum


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pt  
Ta  
Group Number
10  
8
5  
13
Period Number
6  
6  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440064  
99+
7440257  
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
229.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Platinum is the rarest metal from the Precious metal categories..
  • Commercially Platinum is produced as a byproduct in ores of nickel.
  
  • Tantalum metal is known as corrosion resistance.
  • Tantalum metal can easily fabricated and It is a good conductor of heat and electricity.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Antonio de Ulloa  
Anders Gustaf Ekeberg  
Discovery
In 1735  
In 1802  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
20
0.00 %  
32
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
19
0.00 %  
18
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
25
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
37
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
31
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Platinum metal is mainly used in jewellery.
  • Platinum is used as an industrial catalyst in production of nitric acid, silicone and benzene.
  
  • Tantalum metal is mainly used in the manufacturing of electron components. Its Oxide layer acts as an insulator.
  • Tantalum metal is also used in surgical transplant like replacement of bone, skull plates and as a woven gauze.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Chemical Industry  
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Low Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.03 p.p.m.  
33
Physical
Melting Point
1,772.00 °C  
16
2,996.00 °C  
4
Boiling Point
3,827.00 °C  
15
5,425.00 °C  
4
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Gray Blue  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
3.50  
12
6.50  
5
Brinell Hardness
300.00 MPa  
99+
440.00 MPa  
33
Vickers Hardness
400.00 MPa  
99+
870.00 MPa  
19
Speed of Sound
2,800.00 m/s  
99+
3,400.00 m/s  
33
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.41  
6
2.15  
10
Reflectivity
73.00 %  
10
78.00 %  
8
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Pt  
Ta  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35  
4
31  
8
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.28  
4
1.50  
28
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.28  
5
1.50  
18
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.44  
18
1.33  
23
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.20  
6
1.50  
26
Allen Electronegativity
1.72  
19
1.34  
38
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.72  
99+
2.50  
27
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
10
761.00 kJ/mol  
18
2nd Energy Level
1,791.00 kJ/mol  
22
1,500.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,277.00 kJ/mol  
99+
761.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
8,702.00 kJ/mol  
6
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
9
5th Energy Level
8,702.00 kJ/mol  
9
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
19
6th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
27
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
36
7th Energy level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
23
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
30
8th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
23
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
30
9th Energy Level
5,660.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
26
10th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
24
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
30
11th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
21
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
29
12th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
16
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
22
14th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
19
15th Energy Level
87,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
76,100.00 kJ/mol  
19
16th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
99+
76,100.00 kJ/mol  
14
17th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
27
761.00 kJ/mol  
35
18th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
16
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
25
19th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
25
761.00 kJ/mol  
32
20th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
15
761.00 kJ/mol  
26
21st Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
38
761.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
13
761.00 kJ/mol  
20
23rd Energy Level
870.10 kJ/mol  
39
761.00 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
9
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
25th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
7
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
26th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
7
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
27th Energy Level
870.10 kJ/mol  
6
761.00 kJ/mol  
15
28th Energy Level
870.10 kJ/mol  
9
761.00 kJ/mol  
21
29th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
10
761.00 kJ/mol  
22
30th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
7
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.82 g/amp-hr  
39
1.35 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
5.65 eV  
4
4.25 eV  
28
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization  
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
78  
38
73  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1  
[Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Platinum.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
78  
38
73  
99+
Number of Neutrons
117  
25
108  
29
Number of Electrons
78  
38
73  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm  
99+
146.00 pm  
37
Covalent Radius
136.00 pm  
99+
170.00 pm  
27
Van der Waals Radius
175.00 pm  
99+
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
47.87 amu  
99+
180.95 amu  
38
Atomic Volume
9.09 cm3/mol  
99+
10.90 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Iridium
  
Hafnium
  
Next Element
Gold
  
Tungsten
  
Valence Electron Potential
392.42 (-eV)  
1
110.00 (-eV)  
7
Lattice Constant
392.42 pm  
27
330.13 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.56  
99+
1.41  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
21.45 g/cm3  
11
16.69 g/cm3  
18
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
19.77 g/cm3  
12
15.00 g/cm3  
23
Tensile Strength
125.00 MPa  
26
180.00 MPa  
20
Viscosity
0.00  
16
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
16
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.07 (Pa)  
18
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
61.00 GPa  
14
69.00 GPa  
13
Bulk Modulus
230.00 GPa  
6
200.00 GPa  
8
Young's Modulus
168.00 GPa  
15
186.00 GPa  
14
Poisson Ratio
0.38  
6
0.34  
10
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Ductile  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
21.45  
13
16.65  
20
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
14
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
20
0.00  
27
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
105.00 nΩ·m  
30
131.00 nΩ·m  
25
Electrical Conductivity
0.10 106/cm Ω  
26
0.08 106/cm Ω  
32
Electron Affinity
205.30 kJ/mol  
2
31.00 kJ/mol  
35
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.14 J/(kg K)  
38
Molar Heat Capacity
25.86 J/mol·K  
99+
25.36 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
71.60 W/m·K  
24
57.50 W/m·K  
27
Critical Temperature
2,041.00 K  
19
3,290.00 K  
4
Thermal Expansion
8.80 µm/(m·K)  
99+
6.30 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
510.50 kJ/mol  
15
753.10 kJ/mol  
2
Enthalpy of Fusion
19.70 kJ/mol  
12
31.40 kJ/mol  
3
Enthalpy of Atomization
565.00 kJ/mol  
15
782.00 kJ/mol  
3
Standard Molar Entropy
41.60 J/mol.K  
99+
41.50 J/mol.K  
99+
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