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Tantalum vs Cobalt

Tantalum
Cobalt
Cobalt vs Tantalum


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ta   
Co   
Group Number
5   
13
9   
9
Period Number
6   
4   
Block
d block   
d block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440257   
99+
7440484   
38
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m   
P63/mmc   
Space Group Number
229.00   
1
194.00   
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Tantalum metal is known as corrosion resistance.
  • Tantalum metal can easily fabricated and It is a good conductor of heat and electricity.
  
  • The main source of Cobalt is as a by-product of copper and nickel metal mining.
  • Cobalt metal can be obtained from other elements like Oxygen, Sulfur and Arsenic.
  • It s also used in electroplating process as it exhibits anti cession properties.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Found in Compounds, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Anders Gustaf Ekeberg   
Georg Brandt   
Discovery
In 1802   
In 1732   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
8 * 10-9 %   
31
3 * 10-4 %   
9
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.0004 %   
9
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
99+
0.06 %   
10
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
37
0.00 %   
21
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
31
0.00 %   
20
Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
17
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tantalum metal is mainly used in the manufacturing of electron components. Its Oxide layer acts as an insulator.
  • Tantalum metal is also used in surgical transplant like replacement of bone, skull plates and as a woven gauze.
  
  • Its alloys with aluminum and nickel are used to make powerful magnets.
  • Few other alloys exhibit high-temperature strength and hence they are used in Turbines of Jet and Gas engine.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Pharmaceutical Industry   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic   
Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
Not Available   
0.04 Blood/mg dm-3   
18
In Bone
0.03 p.p.m.   
28
0.04 p.p.m.   
27
Physical Properties
Melting Point
2,996.00 °C   
4
1,495.00 °C   
29
Boiling Point
5,425.00 °C   
4
2,870.00 °C   
34
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Gray Blue   
Gray   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.50   
5
5.00   
8
Brinell Hardness
440.00 MPa   
28
470.00 MPa   
26
Vickers Hardness
870.00 MPa   
12
1,043.00 MPa   
11
Speed of Sound
3,400.00 m/s   
22
4,720.00 m/s   
14
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
78.00 %   
6
67.00 %   
11
Allotropes
No   
Yes   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
α-Cobalt   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
β-Cobalt   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ta   
Co   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
31   
8
26   
13
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.50   
27
1.88   
12
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.56   
1
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.33   
22
1.70   
5
Allen Electronegativity
1.34   
33
1.84   
10
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.50   
27
2.12   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol   
18
760.40 kJ/mol   
19
2nd Energy Level
1,500.00 kJ/mol   
40
1,648.00 kJ/mol   
31
3rd Energy Level
Not Available   
3,232.00 kJ/mol   
22
4th Energy Level
Not Available   
4,950.00 kJ/mol   
19
5th Energy Level
Not Available   
7,670.00 kJ/mol   
12
6th Energy Level
Not Available   
9,840.00 kJ/mol   
12
7th Energy level
Not Available   
12,440.00 kJ/mol   
11
8th Energy Level
Not Available   
15,230.00 kJ/mol   
12
9th Energy Level
Not Available   
17,959.00 kJ/mol   
13
10th Energy Level
Not Available   
26,570.00 kJ/mol   
7
11th Energy Level
Not Available   
29,400.00 kJ/mol   
8
12th Energy Level
Not Available   
32,400.00 kJ/mol   
8
13th Energy Level
Not Available   
36,600.00 kJ/mol   
8
14th Energy Level
Not Available   
39,700.00 kJ/mol   
9
15th Energy Level
Not Available   
42,800.00 kJ/mol   
12
16th Energy Level
Not Available   
49,396.00 kJ/mol   
11
17th Energy Level
Not Available   
52,737.00 kJ/mol   
13
18th Energy Level
Not Available   
134,810.00 kJ/mol   
1
19th Energy Level
Not Available   
145,170.00 kJ/mol   
2
20th Energy Level
Not Available   
154,700.00 kJ/mol   
4
21st Energy Level
Not Available   
167,400.00 kJ/mol   
4
22nd Energy Level
Not Available   
178,100.00 kJ/mol   
3
23rd Energy Level
Not Available   
189,300.00 kJ/mol   
3
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.35 g/amp-hr   
99+
1.10 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
4.25 eV   
21
5.00 eV   
5
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   
Chemical Stability, Ionization   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
73   
99+
22   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2   
[Ar] 3d2 4s2   
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Cobalt.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
73   
99+
22   
99+
Number of Neutrons
108   
28
26   
99+
Number of Electrons
73   
99+
22   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
146.00 pm   
35
147.00 pm   
34
Covalent Radius
170.00 pm   
25
160.00 pm   
30
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
180.95 amu   
38
47.87 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
10.90 cm3/mol   
99+
10.64 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Hafnium
  
Iron
  
Next Element
Tungsten
  
Nickel
  
Valence Electron Potential
110.00 (-eV)   
7
95.20 (-eV)   
10
Lattice Constant
330.13 pm   
99+
295.08 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
16.69 g/cm3   
18
4.51 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
15.00 g/cm3   
9
4.11 g/cm3   
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
434.00 MPa   
9
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
31
0.98 (Pa)   
14
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
69.00 GPa   
13
44.00 GPa   
17
Bulk Modulus
200.00 GPa   
8
110.00 GPa   
15
Young's Modulus
186.00 GPa   
13
116.00 GPa   
18
Poisson Ratio
0.34   
10
0.32   
12
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile   
Ductile   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
16.65   
11
4,500.00   
1
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Poor Conductor   
Resistivity
131.00 nΩ·m   
25
420.00 nΩ·m   
12
Electrical Conductivity
0.08 106/cm Ω   
27
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
31.00 kJ/mol   
29
7.60 kJ/mol   
37
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.14 J/(kg K)   
37
0.52 J/(kg K)   
9
Molar Heat Capacity
25.36 J/mol·K   
99+
25.06 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
57.50 W/m·K   
27
21.90 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
6.30 µm/(m·K)   
99+
8.60 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
753.10 kJ/mol   
2
429.00 kJ/mol   
15
Enthalpy of Fusion
31.40 kJ/mol   
3
15.48 kJ/mol   
19
Enthalpy of Atomization
782.00 kJ/mol   
3
468.60 kJ/mol   
15
Standard Molar Entropy
41.50 J/mol.K   
37
27.30 J/mol.K   
99+
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