Praseodymium vs Dysprosium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Pr
Dy
Group Number
Not Available
Not Available
Period Number
6
6
Block
f block
f block
Element Family
Lanthanide
Lanthanide
CAS Number
7440100
99+
7429916
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
194.00
5
194.00
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Praseodymium metal is synthetically produced metal.
- Praseodymium is used as possible fuel for radioactive generators.
- Dysprosium acts stable in air at room temperature.
- Dysprosium behaves very much like paramagnetic metal.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Not Available
Lecoq de Boisbaudran
Discovery
In 1885
In 1886
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-7 %
22
2 * 10-7 %
22
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %
26
~0.0000002 %
25
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
40
0.00 %
33
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
27
0.00 %
28
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
39
0.00 %
35
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- The main use of Praseodymium include alloys. Praseodymium –Magnesium alloy is used in aircraft engines due to its high strength.
- This metal is also used while making a permanent magnets.
- Dysprosium metal is highly reactive due to which it pure form is not as usual as its alloy.
- Thi metals alloy is used in magnate as it is resistance to high temperature.
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry
NA
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Nuclear Research
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Moderately Toxic
Mildly Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
No
Physical Properties
Melting Point
935.00 °C
99+
1,407.00 °C
32
Boiling Point
3,130.00 °C
27
2,562.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Grayish White
Silvery White
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Brinell Hardness
481.00 MPa
24
500.00 MPa
23
Vickers Hardness
400.00 MPa
25
540.00 MPa
20
Speed of Sound
2,280.00 m/s
40
2,710.00 m/s
33
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pr
Dy
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
31
8
29
10
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.13
99+
1.22
38
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.07
32
1.10
30
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.87
12
2.78
16
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
527.00 kJ/mol
99+
573.00 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,020.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,130.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,086.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,200.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
3,761.00 kJ/mol
99+
3,990.00 kJ/mol
37
5th Energy Level
5,551.00 kJ/mol
29
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.75 g/amp-hr
40
2.02 g/amp-hr
29
Electron Work Function
2.70 eV
99+
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
59
99+
66
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f3 6s2
[Xe] 4f9 6s2
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Praseodymium.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Dysprosium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
59
99+
66
99+
Number of Neutrons
82
99+
96
35
Number of Electrons
59
99+
66
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
182.00 pm
11
178.00 pm
16
Covalent Radius
203.00 pm
9
192.00 pm
17
Van der Waals Radius
239.00 pm
14
229.00 pm
20
Atomic Weight
140.91 amu
99+
162.50 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
20.80 cm3/mol
15
19.00 cm3/mol
23
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
42.64 (-eV)
99+
47.40 (-eV)
32
Lattice Constant
367.25 pm
29
359.30 pm
37
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.61
4
1.57
15
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
6.77 g/cm3
99+
8.54 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.50 g/cm3
39
8.37 g/cm3
25
Tensile Strength
Not Available
120.00 MPa
15
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
25
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
13.20 (Pa)
7
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
14.80 GPa
39
24.70 GPa
31
Bulk Modulus
28.80 GPa
40
40.50 GPa
31
Young's Modulus
37.30 GPa
99+
61.40 GPa
33
Poisson Ratio
0.28
16
0.25
25
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Sectile
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
6.77
99+
8.55
38
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
0.70 nΩ·m
99+
926.00 nΩ·m
2
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol
21
50.00 kJ/mol
21
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.19 J/(kg K)
32
0.17 J/(kg K)
34
Molar Heat Capacity
27.20 J/mol·K
18
27.70 J/mol·K
14
Thermal Conductivity
12.50 W/m·K
99+
10.70 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
6.70 µm/(m·K)
99+
9.90 µm/(m·K)
40
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
296.80 kJ/mol
29
230.00 kJ/mol
39
Enthalpy of Fusion
6.89 kJ/mol
99+
11.05 kJ/mol
32
Enthalpy of Atomization
368.00 kJ/mol
24
301.00 kJ/mol
36
Standard Molar Entropy
73.20 J/mol.K
10
75.60 J/mol.K
7
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