Praseodymium vs Plutonium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Pr
Pu
Group Number
Not Available
0
18
Period Number
6
7
Block
f block
f block
Element Family
Lanthanide
Actinide
CAS Number
7440100
99+
7440075
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
P121/m1
Space Group Number
194.00
5
11.00
13
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Praseodymium metal is synthetically produced metal.
- Praseodymium is used as possible fuel for radioactive generators.
- Plutonium metal if obtain from ores of uranium metal.
- Plutonium metal is very sensitive to the change in atmospheric conditions like temperature and pressure.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Mining, Ores of metals
History
Who Discovered
Not Available
Glenn T. Seaborg, Arthur Wahl, Joseph W. Kennedy, Edwin McMillan
Discovery
In 1885
In Between 1940 1941
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-7 %
22
Not Available
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %
26
~-9999 %
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
40
Not Available
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
27
Not Available
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
39
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- The main use of Praseodymium include alloys. Praseodymium –Magnesium alloy is used in aircraft engines due to its high strength.
- This metal is also used while making a permanent magnets.
- Plutonium was used in atomic bombs and still it is being used in various weapons and Ammunition industry.
- It is also used in nuclear power plant as source of energy for space missions.
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Moderately Toxic
Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
No
In Blood
Not Available
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
In Bone
Not Available
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
935.00 °C
99+
639.50 °C
99+
Boiling Point
3,130.00 °C
27
3,235.00 °C
24
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Grayish White
Silvery White
Luster
Metallic
NA
Hardness
Brinell Hardness
481.00 MPa
24
Not Available
Vickers Hardness
400.00 MPa
25
Not Available
Speed of Sound
2,280.00 m/s
40
2,260.00 m/s
99+
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pr
Pu
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
31
8
20
19
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.13
99+
1.28
33
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.07
32
1.22
26
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.87
12
2.72
21
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
527.00 kJ/mol
99+
584.70 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,020.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,128.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,086.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,084.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
3,761.00 kJ/mol
99+
3,338.00 kJ/mol
99+
5th Energy Level
5,551.00 kJ/mol
29
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.75 g/amp-hr
40
2.28 g/amp-hr
22
Electron Work Function
2.70 eV
99+
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
59
99+
94
24
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f3 6s2
[Rn] 5f6 7s2
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Monoclinic (MON)
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Praseodymium.jpg#100
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Plutonium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
59
99+
94
24
Number of Neutrons
82
99+
150
11
Number of Electrons
59
99+
94
24
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
182.00 pm
11
159.00 pm
28
Covalent Radius
203.00 pm
9
187.00 pm
20
Van der Waals Radius
239.00 pm
14
200.00 pm
28
Atomic Weight
140.91 amu
99+
244.00 amu
19
Atomic Volume
20.80 cm3/mol
15
12.32 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
42.64 (-eV)
99+
64.90 (-eV)
21
Lattice Constant
367.25 pm
29
618.30 pm
4
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
NA
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.61
4
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
6.77 g/cm3
99+
19.82 g/cm3
13
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.50 g/cm3
39
16.63 g/cm3
8
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
25
0.00 (Pa)
26
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
13.20 (Pa)
7
2.20 (Pa)
12
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
14.80 GPa
39
43.00 GPa
18
Bulk Modulus
28.80 GPa
40
Not Available
Young's Modulus
37.30 GPa
99+
96.00 GPa
21
Poisson Ratio
0.28
16
0.21
32
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
6.77
99+
19.84
7
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Poor Conductor
Resistivity
0.70 nΩ·m
99+
1.46 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol
21
Not Available
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.19 J/(kg K)
32
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
Molar Heat Capacity
27.20 J/mol·K
18
35.50 J/mol·K
3
Thermal Conductivity
12.50 W/m·K
99+
6.74 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
6.70 µm/(m·K)
99+
46.70 µm/(m·K)
6
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
296.80 kJ/mol
29
344.00 kJ/mol
25
Enthalpy of Fusion
6.89 kJ/mol
99+
2.82 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
368.00 kJ/mol
24
360.00 kJ/mol
26
Standard Molar Entropy
73.20 J/mol.K
10
Not Available
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