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Properties of Plutonium and Cadmium

Plutonium
Cadmium
Properties of Cadmium & Plutonium


Physical Properties
Melting Point
639.50 °C   
99+
320.90 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
3,235.00 °C   
24
765.00 °C   
99+
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
2.00   
16
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
203.00 MPa   
39
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
Not Available   
Reflectivity
Not Available   
67.00 %   
11
Speed of Sound
2,260.00 m/s   
99+
2,310.00 m/s   
39
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pu   
Cd   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
20   
19
34   
5
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.28   
33
1.69   
17
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.98   
9
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22   
26
1.46   
15
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.53   
13
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.52   
27
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.72   
21
2.31   
37
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol   
99+
867.80 kJ/mol   
11
2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,631.40 kJ/mol   
32
3rd Energy Level
2,084.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3,616.00 kJ/mol   
13
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.28 g/amp-hr   
22
2.10 g/amp-hr   
27
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
4.22 eV   
22
Other Chemical Properties
?
Corrosion is a process which converts refined metals to their more stable forms, for example, its oxide and hydroxide. This process of metals getting corroded is a gradual destruction of metals by chemical reactions.Corrosion, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces.Radioactivity   
?
Stable metals are non radioactive metals and have zero valence electrons in the outer shell.Chemical Stability, 
?
Anti-corrosion metals have the protection on their surfaces which protect them from corroding in corrosive environments.Anti Corrosion, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.82 g/cm3   
13
8.65 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
16.63 g/cm3   
8
8.00 g/cm3   
28
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
26
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
2.20 (Pa)   
12
Not Available   
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
62.00 MPa   
16
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
43.00 GPa   
18
19.00 GPa   
35
Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
42.00 GPa   
29
Young's Modulus
96.00 GPa   
21
50.00 GPa   
36
Poisson Ratio
0.21   
32
0.30   
14
Other Mechanical Properties
?
Ductility of metals defines their ability to deform under tensile stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to be stretched into a wire.Ductile, 
?
Malleability of metals defines their ability to deform under compressive stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to form a thin sheet by hammering or rolling.Malleable   
?
Ductility of metals defines their ability to deform under tensile stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to be stretched into a wire.Ductile, 
?
Malleability of metals defines their ability to deform under compressive stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to form a thin sheet by hammering or rolling.Malleable   
Periodic Table
Symbol
Pu   
Cd   
Group Number
0   
18
12   
6
Period Number
7   
5   
Block
?
The f-block is in the center-left of a 32-column periodic table but in the footnoted appendage of 18-column tables. These elements are not generally considered as part of any group. They are often called inner transition metals.f block   
?
The d-block is on the middle of the periodic table and includes elements from columns 3 through 12. These elements are also known as the transition metals because they show a transitivity in their properties i.e. they show a trend in their properties.d block   
Element Family
?
Total 15 metals are included in actinide series, from Actinium to Lawrencium. Actinide series is located under f and d block of the periodic table.Actinide   
?
What is Transition Metal? All transition metals are placed under the d-block from group number 3 to 12. Transition metals show characteristics like malleability, ductility and are good conductor of electricity.Transition Metal   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
94   
24
48   
99+
Atomic Weight
244.00 amu   
19
112.41 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
12.32 cm3/mol   
99+
13.10 cm3/mol   
39
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f6 7s2   
[Kr] 4d10 5s2   
Valence Electron Potential
64.90 (-eV)   
21
30.00 (-eV)   
99+
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
94   
24
48   
99+
Number of Neutrons
150   
11
64   
99+
Number of Electrons
94   
24
48   
99+
Crystal Structure
?
The mono-clinic crystal structure is one of the seven lattice point groups. Here vectors of crystal have unequal lengths. Here vectors of crystal have unequal lengths and have two vectors perpendicular to the 3rd oneMonoclinic (MON)   
?
The hexagonal crystal system consists of the 7 point groups such that all their space groups have the hexagonal lattice as underlying lattice. The hexagonal crystal family consists of the 12 point groups such that at least one of their space groups has theHexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Crystal Lattice
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Plutonium.jpg#100   
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Cadmium.jpg#100   
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
159.00 pm   
28
151.00 pm   
32
Covalent Radius
187.00 pm   
20
144.00 pm   
40
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
158.00 pm   
99+
Lattice Constant
618.30 pm   
4
297.94 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
NA   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
1.89   
1
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Next Element
Americium
  
Indium
  
Previous Element
Neptunium
  
Silver
  
Magnetic Properties
Electrical Properties
  
  
Resistivity
1.46 nΩ·m   
99+
72.70 nΩ·m   
36
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.14 106/cm Ω   
15
Electron Affinity
Not Available   
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
Electrical Property
?
Poor conductor metals have moderate resistance to electric currents. They can conduct electric current through them with very low efficiency.Poor Conductor   
?
Semiconductor metals have conductivity between that of a conductor and an insulator.Semiconductor   
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
19.84   
7
8.65   
36
Magnetic Ordering
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic   
?
Diamagnetic metals produce a magnetic field opposite to the applied magnetic field. Thus, they are repelled by magnets and show magnetic nature.Diamagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
Not Available   
Susceptibility
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
0.23 J/(kg K)   
26
Thermal Conductivity
6.74 W/m·K   
99+
96.60 W/m·K   
16
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Molar Heat Capacity
35.50 J/mol·K   
3
26.02 J/mol·K   
32
Thermal Expansion
46.70 µm/(m·K)   
6
30.80 µm/(m·K)   
10
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
51.80 J/mol.K   
27
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
344.00 kJ/mol   
25
100.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.82 kJ/mol   
99+
6.19 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
360.00 kJ/mol   
26
113.00 kJ/mol   
99+
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