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Radium Promethium Comparison


Promethium Radium comparison


Periodic Table

Symbol
Ra   
Pm   

Group Number
2   
16
Not Available   

Period Number
7   
6   

Block
s block   
f block   

Element Family
Alkaline Earth   
Lanthanide   

CAS Number
7440144   
99+
7440122   
99+

Space Group Name
Im_ 3m   
Not Available   

Space Group Number
229.00   
1
Not Available   

Facts

Interesting Facts
  • Radium metal is the heaviest metal of Alkaline earth metals column.
  • Radium metal is highly radioactive and does not have any stable isotopes.
  
  • Promethium metal found in Pitchblende.
  • Promethium metal is highly radioactive metal.
  

Sources
Mining, Ores of metals   
Found in Minerals, Mining   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
Not Available   
Chien Shiung Wu, Emilio Segrè, Hans Bethe   

Discovery
In 1898   
In 1942   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
Not Available   

Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
99+
Not Available   

Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
20
Not Available   

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • It is a highly radioactive metal; and sometime Radium-223 is used to treat prostate cancer.
  • It is used in luminous paints.
  
  • It is used for research purpose. Very small amount of this metal is used in atomic batteries.
  • Its radioactive decay is used for a phosphor to give off light. The light emitted is converted into electricity.
  

Industrial Uses
NA   
NA   

Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry   
NA   

Other Uses
NA   
NA   

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
Highly Toxic   
Non Toxic   

Present in Human Body
No   
No   

In Blood
Not Available   
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37

Physical Properties

Melting Point
700.00 °C   
99+
1,042.00 °C   
99+

Boiling Point
1,737.00 °C   
99+
3,000.00 °C   
31

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid   
Solid   

Color
Silvery White   
Unknown   

Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   

Hardness
  
  

Speed of Sound
Not Available   
Not Available   

Optical Properties
  
  

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Ra   
Pm   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
33   
6
27   
12

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
0.90   
99+
Not Available   

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.97   
38
1.07   
32

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.92   
20
Not Available   

Allen Electronegativity
0.89   
99+
Not Available   

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
3.10   
5
Not Available   

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol   
99+
540.00 kJ/mol   
99+

2nd Energy Level
979.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,050.00 kJ/mol   
99+

3rd Energy Level
Not Available   
2,150.00 kJ/mol   
99+

4th Energy Level
Not Available   
3,970.00 kJ/mol   
38

Electrochemical Equivalent
4.22 g/amp-hr   
6
1.80 g/amp-hr   
36

Electron Work Function
Not Available   
Not Available   

Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
88   
30
61   
99+

Electron Configuration
[Rn] 7s2   
[Xe] 4f5 6s2   

Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)   

Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Promethium.jpg#100   

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
88   
30
61   
99+

Number of Neutrons
138   
16
84   
40

Number of Electrons
88   
30
61   
99+

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
Not Available   
183.00 pm   
10

Covalent Radius
221.00 pm   
3
199.00 pm   
12

Van der Waals Radius
283.00 pm   
4
236.00 pm   
16

Atomic Weight
226.00 amu   
26
145.00 amu   
99+

Atomic Volume
45.20 cm3/mol   
4
22.39 cm3/mol   
12

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
Francium
  
Neodymium
  

Next Element
Actinium
  
Samarium
  

Valence Electron Potential
20.10 (-eV)   
99+
44.10 (-eV)   
39

Lattice Constant
514.80 pm   
13
Not Available   

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Unknown   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
5.50 g/cm3   
99+
7.26 g/cm3   
99+

Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
Not Available   
18.00 GPa   
36

Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
33.00 GPa   
36

Young's Modulus
Not Available   
46.00 GPa   
38

Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.28   
17

Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
NA   

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
5.00   
99+
7.26   
99+

Magnetic Ordering
Nonmagnetic   
Paramagnetic   

Electrical Properties
  
  

Electrical Property
NA   
Conductor   

Resistivity
100.00 nΩ·m   
31
0.75 nΩ·m   
99+

Electron Affinity
Not Available   
50.00 kJ/mol   
21

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
0.18 J/(kg K)   
33

Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Conductivity
18.60 W/m·K   
99+
17.90 W/m·K   
99+

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
9.00 µm/(m·K)   
99+

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available   
7.50 kJ/mol   
99+

Enthalpy of Atomization
163.00 kJ/mol   
99+
310.00 kJ/mol   
34

Standard Molar Entropy
71.00 J/mol.K   
14
Not Available   

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