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Radium vs Gold

Radium
Gold
Gold vs Radium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ra   
Au   
Group Number
2   
16
11   
7
Period Number
7   
6   
Block
s block   
d block   
Element Family
Alkaline Earth   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440144   
99+
7440575   
31
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m   
Fm_ 3m   
Space Group Number
229.00   
1
225.00   
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Radium metal is the heaviest metal of Alkaline earth metals column.
  • Radium metal is highly radioactive and does not have any stable isotopes.
  
  • It is found in copper ores and from the crust of the earth.
  • It is the most malleable and ductile metal.
  • Gold alloys are used in Dentistry as fillings, crowning, clips, etc. It is also used as an artificial limb joints.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals   
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of metals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Not Available   
Unknown   
Discovery
In 1898   
Before 6000 BCE   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
6 * 10-8 %   
26
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.0000001 %   
26
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
21
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
20
0.00 %   
18
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is a highly radioactive metal; and sometime Radium-223 is used to treat prostate cancer.
  • It is used in luminous paints.
  
  • Gold metal is mainly used for Jewelry, bullion, coinage, etc.
  • It is used in the art, decoration, ornaments, etc. It is also used for electroplating process.
  
Industrial Uses
NA   
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry   
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry   
Other Uses
NA   
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
In Blood
Not Available   
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
35
In Bone
Not Available   
0.02 p.p.m.   
30
Physical Properties
Melting Point
700.00 °C   
99+
1,064.43 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
1,737.00 °C   
99+
2,807.00 °C   
36
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Gold   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
2.50   
14
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
194.00 MPa   
99+
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
216.00 MPa   
31
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
2,030.00 m/s   
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available   
95.00 %   
2
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ra   
Au   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33   
6
36   
3
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.90   
99+
2.54   
1
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.97   
38
1.42   
18
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.92   
20
1.87   
7
Allen Electronegativity
0.89   
99+
1.92   
5
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.10   
5
1.46   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol   
99+
890.10 kJ/mol   
8
2nd Energy Level
979.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,980.00 kJ/mol   
12
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.22 g/amp-hr   
6
2.45 g/amp-hr   
21
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
5.10 eV   
4
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
88   
30
79   
37
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 7s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1   
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Gold.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
88   
30
79   
37
Number of Neutrons
138   
16
118   
23
Number of Electrons
88   
30
79   
37
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
Not Available   
151.00 pm   
32
Covalent Radius
221.00 pm   
3
144.00 pm   
40
Van der Waals Radius
283.00 pm   
4
166.00 pm   
39
Atomic Weight
226.00 amu   
26
196.97 amu   
33
Atomic Volume
45.20 cm3/mol   
4
10.20 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Francium
  
Platinum
  
Next Element
Actinium
  
Mercury
  
Valence Electron Potential
20.10 (-eV)   
99+
43.40 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
514.80 pm   
13
407.82 pm   
21
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
1.61   
4
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
5.50 g/cm3   
99+
19.30 g/cm3   
15
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
17.31 g/cm3   
6
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
120.00 MPa   
15
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
23
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
67.00 (Pa)   
4
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
27.00 GPa   
27
Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
180.00 GPa   
9
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
79.00 GPa   
24
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.40   
4
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile, Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
5.00   
99+
19.32   
8
Magnetic Ordering
Nonmagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
NA   
Conductor   
Resistivity
100.00 nΩ·m   
31
2.20 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available   
0.45 106/cm Ω   
3
Electron Affinity
Not Available   
222.80 kJ/mol   
1
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
25.42 J/mol·K   
40
Thermal Conductivity
18.60 W/m·K   
99+
318.00 W/m·K   
3
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
14.20 µm/(m·K)   
26
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
324.40 kJ/mol   
27
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available   
12.55 kJ/mol   
27
Enthalpy of Atomization
163.00 kJ/mol   
99+
364.00 kJ/mol   
25
Standard Molar Entropy
71.00 J/mol.K   
14
47.40 J/mol.K   
32
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