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Radium vs Magnesium

Radium
Magnesium
Magnesium vs Radium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ra   
Mg   
Group Number
2   
16
2   
16
Period Number
7   
3   
Block
s block   
s block   
Element Family
Alkaline Earth   
Alkaline Earth   
CAS Number
7440144   
99+
7439954   
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m   
P63/mmc   
Space Group Number
229.00   
1
194.00   
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Radium metal is the heaviest metal of Alkaline earth metals column.
  • Radium metal is highly radioactive and does not have any stable isotopes.
  
  • Magnesium ions are present in every chlorophyll of every green plant .
  • Controlling Magnesium fire by pouring water on it will result in explosions.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals   
By Electrolysis Process, In Ocean, Mining   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Not Available   
Joseph Black   
Discovery
In 1898   
In 1755   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
6 * 10-2 %   
2
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.07 %   
2
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
12.00 %   
2
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
2.90 %   
4
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
99+
0.13 %   
2
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
20
0.03 %   
4
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is a highly radioactive metal; and sometime Radium-223 is used to treat prostate cancer.
  • It is used in luminous paints.
  
  • Magnesium aluminum alloy improves the mechanical strength and welding characteristics and hence it is used in aeroplane and car manufacturing.
  • It is also used to remove sulfur from the molten iron and steel.
  
Industrial Uses
NA   
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Pharmaceutical Industry   
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry   
NA   
Other Uses
NA   
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
In Blood
Not Available   
37.80 Blood/mg dm-3   
5
In Bone
Not Available   
1,800.00 p.p.m.   
4
Physical Properties
Melting Point
700.00 °C   
99+
650.00 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
1,737.00 °C   
99+
1,107.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Gray   
Luster
Metallic   
NA   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
2.50   
14
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
260.00 MPa   
36
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
4,940.00 m/s   
11
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available   
74.00 %   
7
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ra   
Mg   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33   
6
15   
24
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.90   
99+
1.31   
31
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.32   
18
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.97   
38
1.23   
25
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.92   
20
1.37   
16
Allen Electronegativity
0.89   
99+
1.29   
35
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.10   
5
2.69   
23
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol   
99+
737.70 kJ/mol   
24
2nd Energy Level
979.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,450.70 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
Not Available   
7,732.70 kJ/mol   
5
4th Energy Level
Not Available   
10,542.50 kJ/mol   
4
5th Energy Level
Not Available   
13,630.00 kJ/mol   
3
6th Energy Level
Not Available   
18,020.00 kJ/mol   
3
7th Energy level
Not Available   
21,711.00 kJ/mol   
3
8th Energy Level
Not Available   
25,661.00 kJ/mol   
3
9th Energy Level
Not Available   
31,653.00 kJ/mol   
3
10th Energy Level
Not Available   
35,458.00 kJ/mol   
5
11th Energy Level
Not Available   
169,988.00 kJ/mol   
1
12th Energy Level
Not Available   
189,368.00 kJ/mol   
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.22 g/amp-hr   
6
0.45 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
3.66 eV   
29
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Corrosion, Highly Inflammable, Ionization, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
88   
30
12   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 7s2   
[Ne] 3s2   
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Magnesium.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
88   
30
12   
99+
Number of Neutrons
138   
16
12   
99+
Number of Electrons
88   
30
12   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
Not Available   
160.00 pm   
27
Covalent Radius
221.00 pm   
3
141.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
283.00 pm   
4
173.00 pm   
37
Atomic Weight
226.00 amu   
26
24.31 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
45.20 cm3/mol   
4
13.97 cm3/mol   
37
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Francium
  
Sodium
  
Next Element
Actinium
  
Aluminium
  
Valence Electron Potential
20.10 (-eV)   
99+
40.00 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
514.80 pm   
13
320.94 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
5.50 g/cm3   
99+
1.74 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
1.58 g/cm3   
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
17.00 GPa   
37
Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
45.00 GPa   
25
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
45.00 GPa   
39
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.29   
15
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
5.00   
99+
1.74   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Nonmagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
NA   
Conductor   
Resistivity
100.00 nΩ·m   
31
43.90 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available   
0.23 106/cm Ω   
7
Electron Affinity
Not Available   
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
1.02 J/(kg K)   
4
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
24.87 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
18.60 W/m·K   
99+
156.00 W/m·K   
8
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
24.80 µm/(m·K)   
15
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
128.70 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available   
8.95 kJ/mol   
39
Enthalpy of Atomization
163.00 kJ/mol   
99+
148.50 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
71.00 J/mol.K   
14
32.70 J/mol.K   
99+
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