Radium vs Neodymium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Ra
Nd
Group Number
2
16
1
17
Period Number
7
6
Block
s block
f block
Element Family
Alkaline Earth
Lanthanide
CAS Number
7440144
99+
7440008
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
229.00
1
194.00
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Radium metal is the heaviest metal of Alkaline earth metals column.
- Radium metal is highly radioactive and does not have any stable isotopes.
- Neodymium is not found free in nature, hence it is not a native metal.
- Neodymium metal found in minerals like Monazite and Bastnaesite.
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals
Found in Minerals, Mining
History
Who Discovered
Not Available
Carl Auer von Welsbach
Discovery
In 1898
In 1885
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
1 * 10-6 %
16
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
~0.0000003 %
24
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
0.00 %
30
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
20
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
30
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
20
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- It is a highly radioactive metal; and sometime Radium-223 is used to treat prostate cancer.
- It is used in luminous paints.
- Neodymium-Iron-boron alloy is used to make permanent magnets.
- It is used in microphones, Mp3 player, loudspeakers, mobile phones, etc.
Industrial Uses
NA
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry
NA
Other Uses
NA
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Highly Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
No
Physical Properties
Melting Point
700.00 °C
99+
1,010.00 °C
99+
Boiling Point
1,737.00 °C
99+
3,127.00 °C
28
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
265.00 MPa
35
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
345.00 MPa
27
Speed of Sound
Not Available
2,330.00 m/s
38
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ra
Nd
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
33
6
30
9
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
0.90
99+
1.14
99+
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.97
38
1.07
32
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.92
20
Not Available
Allen Electronegativity
0.89
99+
Not Available
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
3.10
5
2.86
13
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol
99+
533.10 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
979.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,040.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
Not Available
2,130.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
Not Available
3,900.00 kJ/mol
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.22 g/amp-hr
6
1.79 g/amp-hr
37
Electron Work Function
Not Available
3.20 eV
34
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
88
30
60
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 7s2
[Xe] 4f4 6s2
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Neodymium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
88
30
60
99+
Number of Neutrons
138
16
84
40
Number of Electrons
88
30
60
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
Not Available
181.00 pm
13
Covalent Radius
221.00 pm
3
201.00 pm
10
Van der Waals Radius
283.00 pm
4
229.00 pm
20
Atomic Weight
226.00 amu
26
144.24 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
45.20 cm3/mol
4
20.60 cm3/mol
18
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
20.10 (-eV)
99+
43.40 (-eV)
99+
Lattice Constant
514.80 pm
13
365.80 pm
30
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
1.61
4
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
5.50 g/cm3
99+
7.01 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
6.89 g/cm3
36
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
21
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
101.00 (Pa)
2
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
Not Available
16.30 GPa
38
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
31.80 GPa
37
Young's Modulus
Not Available
41.40 GPa
40
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
0.28
16
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
5.00
99+
7.00
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Nonmagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
NA
NA
Resistivity
100.00 nΩ·m
31
643.00 nΩ·m
6
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
Electron Affinity
Not Available
50.00 kJ/mol
21
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)
40
0.19 J/(kg K)
32
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available
27.45 J/mol·K
17
Thermal Conductivity
18.60 W/m·K
99+
16.50 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
Not Available
9.60 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available
273.00 kJ/mol
34
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available
7.14 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
163.00 kJ/mol
99+
322.00 kJ/mol
32
Standard Molar Entropy
71.00 J/mol.K
14
71.50 J/mol.K
13
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