Rhenium Lead Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Re
Pb
Group Number
7
11
14
4
Period Number
6
6
Block
d block
p block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Post-Transition
CAS Number
7440155
99+
7439921
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Fm_ 3m
Space Group Number
194.00
5
225.00
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Chemical properties of Rhenium are similar to Manganese.
- Rhenium metal is created while refining Molybdenum.
- Galena mineral contains almost 87% of Lead metal in it, Galena is sulfide mineral.
- The best available source of Lead metal today is by recycling automobile batteries.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Masataka Ogawa
Unknown
Discovery
In 1908
In Middle Easterns (7000 BCE)
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-8 %
29
1 * 10-6 %
16
Abundance In Sun
~0.00000001 %
29
~0.000001 %
18
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
23
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
26
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
34
0.00 %
22
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
0.00 %
8
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Alloys of Rhenium are used as an electric contact material. It can resist withstand arc corrosion.
- Its catalysts are used in hydrogenation of fine chemicals. Its Alloy with nickel is used to produce turbine blades.
- It is also used in insecticides, hair dyes and as an anti-knocking additive for petrol. But all these are banned by the government as Lead metal is known for detrimental to health.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
NA
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Low Toxic
Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
Yes
In Blood
Not Available
0.21 Blood/mg dm-3
11
In Bone
Not Available
30.00 p.p.m.
10
Physical Properties
Melting Point
3,180.00 °C
2
327.50 °C
99+
Boiling Point
5,627.00 °C
2
1,740.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery Gray
Gray
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
7.00
3
1.50
18
Brinell Hardness
1,320.00 MPa
8
38.00 MPa
99+
Vickers Hardness
1,350.00 MPa
7
Not Available
Speed of Sound
4,700.00 m/s
15
1,190.00 m/s
99+
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Re
Pb
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
33
6
35
4
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.90
11
1.87
13
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
2.29
4
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.46
15
1.55
11
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
2.41
2
Allen Electronegativity
1.60
21
1.85
8
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.10
99+
1.67
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol
20
715.60 kJ/mol
31
2nd Energy Level
1,260.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,450.50 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,510.00 kJ/mol
99+
3,081.50 kJ/mol
23
4th Energy Level
3,640.00 kJ/mol
99+
4,083.00 kJ/mol
35
5th Energy Level
Not Available
6,640.00 kJ/mol
20
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.99 g/amp-hr
99+
3.87 g/amp-hr
9
Electron Work Function
4.96 eV
7
4.25 eV
21
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
75
99+
82
34
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d5 6s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Lead.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
75
40
82
34
Number of Neutrons
111
26
125
19
Number of Electrons
75
40
82
34
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
137.00 pm
40
175.00 pm
19
Covalent Radius
151.00 pm
34
146.00 pm
38
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm
28
202.00 pm
27
Atomic Weight
186.21 amu
36
207.20 amu
30
Atomic Volume
8.85 cm3/mol
99+
18.17 cm3/mol
27
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
180.00 (-eV)
3
24.20 (-eV)
99+
Lattice Constant
276.10 pm
99+
495.08 pm
16
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.62
3
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
21.02 g/cm3
12
11.34 g/cm3
33
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
18.90 g/cm3
4
10.66 g/cm3
15
Tensile Strength
1,070.00 MPa
3
12.00 MPa
20
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
1.64 (Pa)
7
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)
29
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
178.00 GPa
3
5.60 GPa
99+
Bulk Modulus
370.00 GPa
2
46.00 GPa
24
Young's Modulus
463.00 GPa
2
16.00 GPa
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.30
14
0.44
3
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
21.02
5
11.35
25
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Poor Conductor
Resistivity
193.00 nΩ·m
20
208.00 nΩ·m
16
Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω
33
0.05 106/cm Ω
36
Electron Affinity
14.50 kJ/mol
35
35.10 kJ/mol
28
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
Molar Heat Capacity
25.48 J/mol·K
38
26.65 J/mol·K
26
Thermal Conductivity
48.00 W/m·K
31
35.30 W/m·K
38
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
6.20 µm/(m·K)
99+
28.90 µm/(m·K)
13
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
707.10 kJ/mol
3
179.40 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
33.05 kJ/mol
2
4.77 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
791.00 kJ/mol
2
194.60 kJ/mol
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
36.90 J/mol.K
99+
64.80 J/mol.K
17
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