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Rhenium vs Lead


Lead vs Rhenium


Periodic Table

Symbol
Re   
Pb   

Group Number
7   
11
14   
4

Period Number
6   
6   

Block
d block   
p block   

Element Family
Transition Metal   
Post-​Transition   

CAS Number
7440155   
99+
7439921   
99+

Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
Fm_ 3m   

Space Group Number
194.00   
5
225.00   
2

Facts

Interesting Facts
  • Chemical properties of Rhenium are similar to Manganese.
  • Rhenium metal is created while refining Molybdenum.
  
  • Galena mineral contains almost 87% of Lead metal in it, Galena is sulfide mineral.
  • The best available source of Lead metal today is by recycling automobile batteries.
  

Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
Masataka Ogawa   
Unknown   

Discovery
In 1908   
In Middle Easterns (7000 BCE)   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-8 %   
29
1 * 10-6 %   
16

Abundance In Sun
~0.00000001 %   
29
~0.000001 %   
18

Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
23

Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
26

Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
34
0.00 %   
22

Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
8

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • Alloys of Rhenium are used as an electric contact material. It can resist withstand arc corrosion.
  • Its catalysts are used in hydrogenation of fine chemicals. Its Alloy with nickel is used to produce turbine blades.
  
  • It is also used in insecticides, hair dyes and as an anti-knocking additive for petrol. But all these are banned by the government as Lead metal is known for detrimental to health.
  

Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   

Medical Uses
NA   
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   

Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys   

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
Low Toxic   
Toxic   

Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   

In Blood
Not Available   
0.21 Blood/mg dm-3   
11

In Bone
Not Available   
30.00 p.p.m.   
10

Physical Properties

Melting Point
3,180.00 °C   
2
327.50 °C   
99+

Boiling Point
5,627.00 °C   
2
1,740.00 °C   
99+

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid   
Solid   

Color
Silvery Gray   
Gray   

Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
7.00   
3
1.50   
18

Brinell Hardness
1,320.00 MPa   
8
38.00 MPa   
99+

Vickers Hardness
1,350.00 MPa   
7
Not Available   

Speed of Sound
4,700.00 m/s   
15
1,190.00 m/s   
99+

Optical Properties
  
  

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Re   
Pb   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
33   
6
35   
4

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
1.90   
11
1.87   
13

Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.29   
4

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.46   
15
1.55   
11

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.41   
2

Allen Electronegativity
1.60   
21
1.85   
8

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
2.10   
99+
1.67   
99+

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol   
20
715.60 kJ/mol   
31

2nd Energy Level
1,260.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,450.50 kJ/mol   
99+

3rd Energy Level
2,510.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3,081.50 kJ/mol   
23

4th Energy Level
3,640.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4,083.00 kJ/mol   
35

5th Energy Level
Not Available   
6,640.00 kJ/mol   
20

Electrochemical Equivalent
0.99 g/amp-hr   
99+
3.87 g/amp-hr   
9

Electron Work Function
4.96 eV   
7
4.25 eV   
21

Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
75   
99+
82   
34

Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d5 6s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2   

Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   

Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Lead.jpg#100   

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
75   
40
82   
34

Number of Neutrons
111   
26
125   
19

Number of Electrons
75   
40
82   
34

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
137.00 pm   
40
175.00 pm   
19

Covalent Radius
151.00 pm   
34
146.00 pm   
38

Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
202.00 pm   
27

Atomic Weight
186.21 amu   
36
207.20 amu   
30

Atomic Volume
8.85 cm3/mol   
99+
18.17 cm3/mol   
27

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
Tungsten
  
Thallium
  

Next Element
Osmium
  
Bismuth
  

Valence Electron Potential
180.00 (-eV)   
3
24.20 (-eV)   
99+

Lattice Constant
276.10 pm   
99+
495.08 pm   
16

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   

Lattice C/A Ratio
1.62   
3
Not Available   

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
21.02 g/cm3   
12
11.34 g/cm3   
33

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
18.90 g/cm3   
4
10.66 g/cm3   
15

Tensile Strength
1,070.00 MPa   
3
12.00 MPa   
20

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
1.64 (Pa)   
7

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
29
Not Available   

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
178.00 GPa   
3
5.60 GPa   
99+

Bulk Modulus
370.00 GPa   
2
46.00 GPa   
24

Young's Modulus
463.00 GPa   
2
16.00 GPa   
99+

Poisson Ratio
0.30   
14
0.44   
3

Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
Ductile, Malleable   

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
21.02   
5
11.35   
25

Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Diamagnetic   

Electrical Properties
  
  

Electrical Property
Conductor   
Poor Conductor   

Resistivity
193.00 nΩ·m   
20
208.00 nΩ·m   
16

Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω   
33
0.05 106/cm Ω   
36

Electron Affinity
14.50 kJ/mol   
35
35.10 kJ/mol   
28

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39

Molar Heat Capacity
25.48 J/mol·K   
38
26.65 J/mol·K   
26

Thermal Conductivity
48.00 W/m·K   
31
35.30 W/m·K   
38

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Expansion
6.20 µm/(m·K)   
99+
28.90 µm/(m·K)   
13

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
707.10 kJ/mol   
3
179.40 kJ/mol   
99+

Enthalpy of Fusion
33.05 kJ/mol   
2
4.77 kJ/mol   
99+

Enthalpy of Atomization
791.00 kJ/mol   
2
194.60 kJ/mol   
99+

Standard Molar Entropy
36.90 J/mol.K   
99+
64.80 J/mol.K   
17

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