Rubidium Silver Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Rb
Ag
Group Number
1
17
11
7
Period Number
5
5
Block
s block
d block
Element Family
Alkali
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440177
99+
7440224
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m
Fm_ 3m
Space Group Number
229.00
1
225.00
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Rubidium metal is 16th most common element found in the earth crust.
- Rubidium metal also found in minerals as well as seawater.
- It is the most reflective element.
- Silver is the second most ductile metal after Gold.
- It is also used in Dentistry as a dental alloys for clips and crowning.
Sources
Obtained from Lithium Production.
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Ores of metals
History
Who Discovered
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff
Unknown
Discovery
In 1861
Before 5000 BC
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-6 %
16
6 * 10-8 %
26
Abundance In Sun
~0.000003 %
17
~0.0000001 %
26
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
19
0.00 %
38
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.01 %
18
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
7
0.00 %
19
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
7
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Rubidium's main application is in the glass manufacturing.
- Rubidium can very easily get ionized and hence it is used for ion engines, but it is still less efficient than that of Caesium.
- Silver is mainly used for Jewelry and show piece.
- It is used for manufacturing high quality mirrors due to its reflectivity property.
Industrial Uses
NA
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry
Medical Uses
NA
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry
Other Uses
Alloys, Research Purposes
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
In Blood
2.49 Blood/mg dm-3
7
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
29
In Bone
5.00 p.p.m.
13
0.44 p.p.m.
20
Physical Properties
Melting Point
38.89 °C
99+
961.93 °C
99+
Boiling Point
688.00 °C
99+
2,212.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Grayish White
Silvery White
Luster
NA
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
0.30
24
2.50
14
Brinell Hardness
0.22 MPa
99+
251.00 MPa
37
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
229.00 MPa
30
Speed of Sound
1,300.00 m/s
99+
2,680.00 m/s
34
Optical Properties
Reflectivity
Not Available
97.00 %
1
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Rb
Ag
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
29
10
36
3
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
0.82
99+
1.93
9
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.31
32
1.83
11
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.89
40
1.42
18
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.69
24
1.47
15
Allen Electronegativity
0.71
99+
1.87
7
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
3.18
3
2.07
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
403.00 kJ/mol
99+
731.00 kJ/mol
27
2nd Energy Level
2,633.00 kJ/mol
6
2,070.00 kJ/mol
11
3rd Energy Level
3,860.00 kJ/mol
11
3,361.00 kJ/mol
19
4th Energy Level
5,080.00 kJ/mol
18
Not Available
5th Energy Level
6,850.00 kJ/mol
19
Not Available
6th Energy Level
8,140.00 kJ/mol
20
Not Available
7th Energy level
9,570.00 kJ/mol
20
Not Available
8th Energy Level
13,120.00 kJ/mol
17
Not Available
9th Energy Level
14,500.00 kJ/mol
18
Not Available
10th Energy Level
26,740.00 kJ/mol
6
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.19 g/amp-hr
14
4.02 g/amp-hr
7
Electron Work Function
2.16 eV
99+
4.26 eV
20
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
37
99+
47
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 5s1
[Kr] 4d10 5s1
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Silver.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
37
99+
47
99+
Number of Neutrons
48
99+
61
99+
Number of Electrons
37
99+
47
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
248.00 pm
2
144.00 pm
36
Covalent Radius
220.00 pm
4
145.00 pm
39
Van der Waals Radius
303.00 pm
3
172.00 pm
38
Atomic Weight
85.47 amu
99+
107.87 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
55.90 cm3/mol
2
10.30 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
9.47 (-eV)
99+
11.40 (-eV)
99+
Lattice Constant
558.50 pm
10
408.53 pm
20
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
1.53 g/cm3
99+
10.49 g/cm3
35
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.46 g/cm3
99+
9.32 g/cm3
21
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
14
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
Not Available
30.00 GPa
23
Bulk Modulus
2.50 GPa
99+
100.00 GPa
16
Young's Modulus
2.40 GPa
99+
83.00 GPa
23
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
0.37
7
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
1.53
99+
10.50
26
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
Susceptibility
Not Available
0.00
5
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
128.00 nΩ·m
26
15.87 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.08 106/cm Ω
24
0.63 106/cm Ω
1
Electron Affinity
46.90 kJ/mol
24
125.60 kJ/mol
5
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.36 J/(kg K)
17
0.24 J/(kg K)
25
Molar Heat Capacity
31.06 J/mol·K
5
25.35 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
58.20 W/m·K
26
429.00 W/m·K
1
Critical Temperature
2,093.00 K
4
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
90.00 µm/(m·K)
2
18.90 µm/(m·K)
23
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
69.20 kJ/mol
99+
255.10 kJ/mol
37
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.19 kJ/mol
99+
11.30 kJ/mol
31
Enthalpy of Atomization
82.00 kJ/mol
99+
284.50 kJ/mol
37
Standard Molar Entropy
76.80 J/mol.K
5
42.60 J/mol.K
35
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