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Rubidium vs Iron

Rubidium
Iron
Iron vs Rubidium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Rb   
Fe   
Group Number
1   
17
8   
10
Period Number
5   
4   
Block
s block   
d block   
Element Family
Alkali   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440177   
99+
7439896   
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m   
Im_ 3m   
Space Group Number
229.00   
1
229.00   
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Rubidium metal is 16th most common element found in the earth crust.
  • Rubidium metal also found in minerals as well as seawater.
  
  • Iron is not always magnetic in nature, its allotrope are ferromagnetic and the B allotrope is nonmagnetic.
  • The blood consists Iron in hemoglobin molecules to transfer Oxygen in the body.
  
Sources
Obtained from Lithium Production.   
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff   
Unknown   
Discovery
In 1861   
Before 5000 BC   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-6 %   
16
1.1 * 10-1 %   
1
Abundance In Sun
~0.000003 %   
17
~0.1 %   
1
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
19
22.00 %   
1
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.01 %   
18
6.30 %   
2
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
7
0.00 %   
12
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
7
0.01 %   
5
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Rubidium's main application is in the glass manufacturing.
  • Rubidium can very easily get ionized and hence it is used for ion engines, but it is still less efficient than that of Caesium.
  
  • Iron metal alloy steel is used in the application of civil engineering and manufacturing.
  • Alloys of iron with nickel, vanadium, chromium, tungsten and manganese have very useful properties.
  
Industrial Uses
NA   
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   
Other Uses
Alloys, Research Purposes   
Alloys, Sculptures, Statues   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
2.49 Blood/mg dm-3   
7
447.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
3
In Bone
5.00 p.p.m.   
13
380.00 p.p.m.   
5
Physical Properties
Melting Point
38.89 °C   
99+
1,535.00 °C   
25
Boiling Point
688.00 °C   
99+
2,750.00 °C   
37
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Grayish White   
Gray   
Luster
NA   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
0.30   
24
4.00   
10
Brinell Hardness
0.22 MPa   
99+
200.00 MPa   
40
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
608.00 MPa   
18
Speed of Sound
1,300.00 m/s   
99+
5,120.00 m/s   
8
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available   
65.00 %   
12
Allotropes
No   
Yes   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Ferrite (alpha Iron)   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
beta Iron   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
gamma Iron   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Rb   
Fe   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
29   
10
26   
13
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.82   
99+
1.83   
14
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.31   
32
2.20   
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.89   
40
1.64   
8
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.69   
24
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
0.71   
99+
1.80   
12
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.18   
3
2.17   
40
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
403.00 kJ/mol   
99+
762.50 kJ/mol   
17
2nd Energy Level
2,633.00 kJ/mol   
6
1,561.90 kJ/mol   
36
3rd Energy Level
3,860.00 kJ/mol   
11
2,957.00 kJ/mol   
29
4th Energy Level
5,080.00 kJ/mol   
18
5,290.00 kJ/mol   
16
5th Energy Level
6,850.00 kJ/mol   
19
7,240.00 kJ/mol   
16
6th Energy Level
8,140.00 kJ/mol   
20
9,560.00 kJ/mol   
14
7th Energy level
9,570.00 kJ/mol   
20
12,060.00 kJ/mol   
15
8th Energy Level
13,120.00 kJ/mol   
17
14,580.00 kJ/mol   
14
9th Energy Level
14,500.00 kJ/mol   
18
22,540.00 kJ/mol   
5
10th Energy Level
26,740.00 kJ/mol   
6
25,290.00 kJ/mol   
8
11th Energy Level
Not Available   
28,000.00 kJ/mol   
9
12th Energy Level
Not Available   
31,920.00 kJ/mol   
9
13th Energy Level
Not Available   
34,830.00 kJ/mol   
9
14th Energy Level
Not Available   
37,840.00 kJ/mol   
11
15th Energy Level
Not Available   
44,100.00 kJ/mol   
11
16th Energy Level
Not Available   
47,206.00 kJ/mol   
13
17th Energy Level
Not Available   
122,200.00 kJ/mol   
1
18th Energy Level
Not Available   
131,000.00 kJ/mol   
2
19th Energy Level
Not Available   
140,500.00 kJ/mol   
3
20th Energy Level
Not Available   
152,600.00 kJ/mol   
5
21st Energy Level
Not Available   
163,000.00 kJ/mol   
5
22nd Energy Level
Not Available   
173,600.00 kJ/mol   
4
23rd Energy Level
Not Available   
188,100.00 kJ/mol   
4
24th Energy Level
Not Available   
195,200.00 kJ/mol   
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.19 g/amp-hr   
14
0.69 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
2.16 eV   
99+
4.70 eV   
10
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
37   
99+
26   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 5s1   
[Ar] 3d6 4s2   
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
37   
99+
26   
99+
Number of Neutrons
48   
99+
30   
99+
Number of Electrons
37   
99+
26   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
248.00 pm   
2
126.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
220.00 pm   
4
132.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
303.00 pm   
3
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
85.47 amu   
99+
55.85 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
55.90 cm3/mol   
2
7.10 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Gallium
  
Manganese
  
Next Element
Strontium
  
Cobalt
  
Valence Electron Potential
9.47 (-eV)   
99+
67.00 (-eV)   
20
Lattice Constant
558.50 pm   
10
286.65 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
1.53 g/cm3   
99+
7.87 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.46 g/cm3   
99+
6.98 g/cm3   
35
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
11,000.00 MPa   
1
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
28
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
36.80 (Pa)   
5
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
82.00 GPa   
11
Bulk Modulus
2.50 GPa   
99+
170.00 GPa   
10
Young's Modulus
2.40 GPa   
99+
211.00 GPa   
9
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.29   
15
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile   
Ductile, Malleable, Weldable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
1.53   
99+
7.20   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Ferromagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
6.3 * 10-3 H/m   
1
Susceptibility
Not Available   
2,00,000.00   
1
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
128.00 nΩ·m   
26
96.10 nΩ·m   
32
Electrical Conductivity
0.08 106/cm Ω   
24
0.10 106/cm Ω   
20
Electron Affinity
46.90 kJ/mol   
24
15.70 kJ/mol   
34
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.36 J/(kg K)   
17
0.44 J/(kg K)   
13
Molar Heat Capacity
31.06 J/mol·K   
5
25.10 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
58.20 W/m·K   
26
80.40 W/m·K   
22
Critical Temperature
2,093.00 K   
4
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
90.00 µm/(m·K)   
2
11.80 µm/(m·K)   
33
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
69.20 kJ/mol   
99+
351.00 kJ/mol   
23
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.19 kJ/mol   
99+
14.90 kJ/mol   
22
Enthalpy of Atomization
82.00 kJ/mol   
99+
414.20 kJ/mol   
19
Standard Molar Entropy
76.80 J/mol.K   
5
27.30 J/mol.K   
99+
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