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Scandium Iron Comparison

Scandium
Iron
Iron Scandium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Sc   
Fe   
Group Number
3   
15
8   
10
Period Number
4   
4   
Block
d block   
d block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440202   
99+
7439896   
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
Im_ 3m   
Space Group Number
194.00   
5
229.00   
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Scandium is known as one of the rare earth elements.
  • Scandium metal found in rare minerals called Wolframite .
  
  • Iron is not always magnetic in nature, its allotrope are ferromagnetic and the B allotrope is nonmagnetic.
  • The blood consists Iron in hemoglobin molecules to transfer Oxygen in the body.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals   
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Lars Fredrik Nilson   
Unknown   
Discovery
In 1879   
Before 5000 BC   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-6 %   
15
1.1 * 10-1 %   
1
Abundance In Sun
~0.000004 %   
16
~0.1 %   
1
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
18
22.00 %   
1
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
23
6.30 %   
2
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
32
0.00 %   
12
Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.01 %   
5
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Uses of Scandium are limited to research purpose only. However, it has very low density and higher melting point.
  • Its compounds like scandium iodide is used in mercury vapor lamps to produce very bright white light.
  
  • Iron metal alloy steel is used in the application of civil engineering and manufacturing.
  • Alloys of iron with nickel, vanadium, chromium, tungsten and manganese have very useful properties.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys, Sculptures, Statues   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3   
22
447.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
3
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
34
380.00 p.p.m.   
5
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,539.00 °C   
24
1,535.00 °C   
25
Boiling Point
2,832.00 °C   
35
2,750.00 °C   
37
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Gray   
Luster
Lustrous   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
4.00   
10
Brinell Hardness
750.00 MPa   
12
200.00 MPa   
40
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
608.00 MPa   
18
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
5,120.00 m/s   
8
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available   
65.00 %   
12
Allotropes
No   
Yes   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Ferrite (alpha Iron)   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
beta Iron   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
gamma Iron   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Sc   
Fe   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
13   
26
26   
13
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.36   
29
1.83   
14
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.02   
21
2.20   
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20   
27
1.64   
8
Allen Electronegativity
1.19   
36
1.80   
12
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.64   
25
2.17   
40
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
633.10 kJ/mol   
99+
762.50 kJ/mol   
17
2nd Energy Level
1,235.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,561.90 kJ/mol   
36
3rd Energy Level
2,388.60 kJ/mol   
99+
2,957.00 kJ/mol   
29
4th Energy Level
7,090.60 kJ/mol   
6
5,290.00 kJ/mol   
16
5th Energy Level
8,843.00 kJ/mol   
6
7,240.00 kJ/mol   
16
6th Energy Level
10,679.00 kJ/mol   
7
9,560.00 kJ/mol   
14
7th Energy level
13,310.00 kJ/mol   
8
12,060.00 kJ/mol   
15
8th Energy Level
15,250.00 kJ/mol   
11
14,580.00 kJ/mol   
14
9th Energy Level
17,370.00 kJ/mol   
14
22,540.00 kJ/mol   
5
10th Energy Level
21,726.00 kJ/mol   
13
25,290.00 kJ/mol   
8
11th Energy Level
24,102.00 kJ/mol   
16
28,000.00 kJ/mol   
9
12th Energy Level
66,320.00 kJ/mol   
2
31,920.00 kJ/mol   
9
13th Energy Level
73,010.00 kJ/mol   
2
34,830.00 kJ/mol   
9
14th Energy Level
80,160.00 kJ/mol   
3
37,840.00 kJ/mol   
11
15th Energy Level
89,490.00 kJ/mol   
4
44,100.00 kJ/mol   
11
16th Energy Level
97,400.00 kJ/mol   
5
47,206.00 kJ/mol   
13
17th Energy Level
105,600.00 kJ/mol   
6
122,200.00 kJ/mol   
1
18th Energy Level
117,000.00 kJ/mol   
7
131,000.00 kJ/mol   
2
19th Energy Level
124,270.00 kJ/mol   
8
140,500.00 kJ/mol   
3
20th Energy Level
Not Available   
152,600.00 kJ/mol   
5
21st Energy Level
Not Available   
163,000.00 kJ/mol   
5
22nd Energy Level
Not Available   
173,600.00 kJ/mol   
4
23rd Energy Level
Not Available   
188,100.00 kJ/mol   
4
24th Energy Level
Not Available   
195,200.00 kJ/mol   
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.56 g/amp-hr   
99+
0.69 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
3.50 eV   
31
4.70 eV   
10
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
21   
99+
26   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d1 4s2   
[Ar] 3d6 4s2   
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Scandium.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
21   
99+
26   
99+
Number of Neutrons
24   
99+
30   
99+
Number of Electrons
21   
99+
26   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
162.00 pm   
26
126.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
170.00 pm   
25
132.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
211.00 pm   
25
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
44.96 amu   
99+
55.85 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
15.00 cm3/mol   
34
7.10 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Calcium
  
Manganese
  
Next Element
Titanium
  
Cobalt
  
Valence Electron Potential
58.00 (-eV)   
24
67.00 (-eV)   
20
Lattice Constant
330.90 pm   
99+
286.65 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.59   
7
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
2.99 g/cm3   
99+
7.87 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
2.80 g/cm3   
99+
6.98 g/cm3   
35
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
11,000.00 MPa   
1
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
22
0.00 (Pa)   
28
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
91.30 (Pa)   
3
36.80 (Pa)   
5
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
29.10 GPa   
24
82.00 GPa   
11
Bulk Modulus
56.60 GPa   
21
170.00 GPa   
10
Young's Modulus
74.40 GPa   
26
211.00 GPa   
9
Poisson Ratio
0.28   
18
0.29   
15
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile, Malleable, Weldable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
2.99   
99+
7.20   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Ferromagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
6.3 * 10-3 H/m   
1
Susceptibility
Not Available   
2,00,000.00   
1
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
562.00 nΩ·m   
10
96.10 nΩ·m   
32
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.10 106/cm Ω   
20
Electron Affinity
18.10 kJ/mol   
33
15.70 kJ/mol   
34
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.60 J/(kg K)   
8
0.44 J/(kg K)   
13
Molar Heat Capacity
25.52 J/mol·K   
37
25.10 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
15.80 W/m·K   
99+
80.40 W/m·K   
22
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
10.20 µm/(m·K)   
39
11.80 µm/(m·K)   
33
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
314.20 kJ/mol   
28
351.00 kJ/mol   
23
Enthalpy of Fusion
14.10 kJ/mol   
25
14.90 kJ/mol   
22
Enthalpy of Atomization
343.00 kJ/mol   
28
414.20 kJ/mol   
19
Standard Molar Entropy
34.60 J/mol.K   
99+
27.30 J/mol.K   
99+
Summary >>
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