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Silver Mercury Comparison

Silver
Mercury
Mercury Silver comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ag  
Hg  
Group Number
11  
7
12  
6
Period Number
5  
6  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440224  
99+
7439976  
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m  
R_ 3m  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
166.00  
9
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • It is the most reflective element.
  • Silver is the second most ductile metal after Gold.
  • It is also used in Dentistry as a dental alloys for clips and crowning.
  
  • At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
  • A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
  • Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Ores of metals  
Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
-  
Ancient Chinese and Indians  
Discovery
Before 5000 BC  
Before 2000 BCE  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
27
0.09 %  
2
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
26
0.00 %  
30
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
38
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.05 %  
9
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
19
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Silver is mainly used for Jewelry and show piece.
  • It is used for manufacturing high quality mirrors due to its reflectivity property.
  
  • It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
  • It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
  
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry  
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry  
Dentistry  
Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues  
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Highly Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
29
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3  
23
In Bone
0.44 p.p.m.  
24
0.45 p.p.m.  
23
Physical
Melting Point
961.93 °C  
99+
-38.83 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
2,212.00 °C  
99+
356.58 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Liquid  
Color
Silvery White  
Silver  
Luster
Metallic  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.50  
15
1.50  
19
Brinell Hardness
251.00 MPa  
99+
5.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
229.00 MPa  
99+
0.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
2,680.00 m/s  
99+
1,451.40 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
0.16  
99+
1.00  
99+
Reflectivity
97.00 %  
1
73.00 %  
10
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Ag  
Hg  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
36  
3
34  
5
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.93  
10
2.00  
8
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.83  
14
2.20  
8
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.42  
19
1.44  
18
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.47  
28
1.81  
17
Allen Electronegativity
1.87  
10
1.44  
34
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.07  
99+
2.00  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol  
27
1,007.10 kJ/mol  
4
2nd Energy Level
2,070.00 kJ/mol  
11
1,810.00 kJ/mol  
21
3rd Energy Level
3,361.00 kJ/mol  
19
3,300.00 kJ/mol  
20
4th Energy Level
7,310.00 kJ/mol  
10
1,007.10 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
7,310.00 kJ/mol  
24
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
7,310.00 kJ/mol  
39
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
7,310.00 kJ/mol  
33
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
7,310.00 kJ/mol  
31
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
7,310.00 kJ/mol  
27
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
7,310.00 kJ/mol  
32
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
7,310.00 kJ/mol  
31
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
7,310.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
7,310.00 kJ/mol  
25
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
73,100.00 kJ/mol  
22
100,700.00 kJ/mol  
1
16th Energy Level
73,100.00 kJ/mol  
17
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol  
38
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
24
18th Energy Level
7,310.00 kJ/mol  
28
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol  
35
1,007.10 kJ/mol  
20
20th Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol  
29
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
11
21st Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
33
22nd Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol  
23
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
8
23rd Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,007.00 kJ/mol  
36
24th Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol  
22
1,007.10 kJ/mol  
3
25th Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol  
22
1,007.10 kJ/mol  
3
26th Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol  
22
1,007.10 kJ/mol  
3
27th Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol  
21
1,007.10 kJ/mol  
2
28th Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol  
27
1,007.10 kJ/mol  
5
29th Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol  
28
1,007.10 kJ/mol  
6
30th Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol  
22
1,007.10 kJ/mol  
3
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.02 g/amp-hr  
7
3.74 g/amp-hr  
10
Electron Work Function
4.26 eV  
27
4.49 eV  
20
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility  
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
47  
99+
80  
36
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s1  
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Rhombohedral (RHO)  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Silver.jpg#100  
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Mercury.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
47  
99+
80  
36
Number of Neutrons
61  
99+
121  
23
Number of Electrons
47  
99+
80  
36
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
144.00 pm  
38
151.00 pm  
34
Covalent Radius
145.00 pm  
99+
132.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
172.00 pm  
99+
155.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
107.87 amu  
99+
200.59 amu  
32
Atomic Volume
10.30 cm3/mol  
99+
14.82 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Palladium
  
Gold
  
Next Element
Cadmium
  
Thallium
  
Valence Electron Potential
11.40 (-eV)  
99+
28.20 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
408.53 pm  
23
300.50 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.59  
26
0.42  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
10.49 g/cm3  
37
13.53 g/cm3  
25
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.32 g/cm3  
99+
13.55 g/cm3  
27
Tensile Strength
170.00 MPa  
21
15.00 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
23
0.00  
4
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
14
0.00 (Pa)  
22
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
38
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
30.00 GPa  
27
30.00 GPa  
27
Bulk Modulus
100.00 GPa  
16
25.00 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
83.00 GPa  
25
45.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.37  
7
0.44  
3
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
10.50  
39
13.53  
27
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
10
Susceptibility
0.00  
32
0.00  
20
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
15.87 nΩ·m  
99+
961.00 nΩ·m  
1
Electrical Conductivity
0.63 106/cm Ω  
1
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
125.60 kJ/mol  
5
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.24 J/(kg K)  
25
0.14 J/(kg K)  
39
Molar Heat Capacity
25.35 J/mol·K  
99+
27.98 J/mol·K  
16
Thermal Conductivity
429.00 W/m·K  
1
8.30 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
1,235.00 K  
99+
1,750.00 K  
33
Thermal Expansion
18.90 µm/(m·K)  
25
60.40 µm/(m·K)  
5
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
255.10 kJ/mol  
99+
56.90 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
11.30 kJ/mol  
37
2.29 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
284.50 kJ/mol  
99+
61.50 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
42.60 J/mol.K  
99+
75.80 J/mol.K  
6
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