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Mercury vs Iron

Mercury
Iron
Iron vs Mercury


Periodic Table
Symbol
Hg   
Fe   
Group Number
12   
6
8   
10
Period Number
6   
4   
Block
d block   
d block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7439976   
99+
7439896   
99+
Space Group Name
R_ 3m   
Im_ 3m   
Space Group Number
166.00   
6
229.00   
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
  • A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
  • Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
  
  • Iron is not always magnetic in nature, its allotrope are ferromagnetic and the B allotrope is nonmagnetic.
  • The blood consists Iron in hemoglobin molecules to transfer Oxygen in the body.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Ancient Chinese and Indians   
Unknown   
Discovery
Before 2000 BCE   
Before 5000 BC   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
1.1 * 10-1 %   
1
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.1 %   
1
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
22.00 %   
1
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.05 %   
9
6.30 %   
2
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
12
Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.01 %   
5
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
  • It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
  
  • Iron metal alloy steel is used in the application of civil engineering and manufacturing.
  • Alloys of iron with nickel, vanadium, chromium, tungsten and manganese have very useful properties.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
Dentistry   
Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   
Other Uses
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry   
Alloys, Sculptures, Statues   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3   
23
447.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
3
In Bone
0.45 p.p.m.   
19
380.00 p.p.m.   
5
Physical Properties
Melting Point
Not Available   
1,535.00 °C   
25
Boiling Point
356.58 °C   
99+
2,750.00 °C   
37
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Liquid   
Solid   
Color
Silver   
Gray   
Luster
NA   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
4.00   
10
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
200.00 MPa   
40
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
608.00 MPa   
18
Speed of Sound
1,451.40 m/s   
99+
5,120.00 m/s   
8
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.00   
3
Not Available   
Reflectivity
73.00 %   
8
65.00 %   
12
Allotropes
No   
Yes   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Ferrite (alpha Iron)   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
beta Iron   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
gamma Iron   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Hg   
Fe   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
34   
5
26   
13
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.00   
7
1.83   
14
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.20   
7
2.20   
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.44   
17
1.64   
8
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.81   
9
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
1.44   
30
1.80   
12
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.00   
99+
2.17   
40
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
1,007.10 kJ/mol   
4
762.50 kJ/mol   
17
2nd Energy Level
1,810.00 kJ/mol   
20
1,561.90 kJ/mol   
36
3rd Energy Level
3,300.00 kJ/mol   
20
2,957.00 kJ/mol   
29
4th Energy Level
Not Available   
5,290.00 kJ/mol   
16
5th Energy Level
Not Available   
7,240.00 kJ/mol   
16
6th Energy Level
Not Available   
9,560.00 kJ/mol   
14
7th Energy level
Not Available   
12,060.00 kJ/mol   
15
8th Energy Level
Not Available   
14,580.00 kJ/mol   
14
9th Energy Level
Not Available   
22,540.00 kJ/mol   
5
10th Energy Level
Not Available   
25,290.00 kJ/mol   
8
11th Energy Level
Not Available   
28,000.00 kJ/mol   
9
12th Energy Level
Not Available   
31,920.00 kJ/mol   
9
13th Energy Level
Not Available   
34,830.00 kJ/mol   
9
14th Energy Level
Not Available   
37,840.00 kJ/mol   
11
15th Energy Level
Not Available   
44,100.00 kJ/mol   
11
16th Energy Level
Not Available   
47,206.00 kJ/mol   
13
17th Energy Level
Not Available   
122,200.00 kJ/mol   
1
18th Energy Level
Not Available   
131,000.00 kJ/mol   
2
19th Energy Level
Not Available   
140,500.00 kJ/mol   
3
20th Energy Level
Not Available   
152,600.00 kJ/mol   
5
21st Energy Level
Not Available   
163,000.00 kJ/mol   
5
22nd Energy Level
Not Available   
173,600.00 kJ/mol   
4
23rd Energy Level
Not Available   
188,100.00 kJ/mol   
4
24th Energy Level
Not Available   
195,200.00 kJ/mol   
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.74 g/amp-hr   
10
0.69 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
4.49 eV   
15
4.70 eV   
10
Other Chemical Properties
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility   
Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
80   
36
26   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2   
[Ar] 3d6 4s2   
Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Mercury.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
80   
36
26   
99+
Number of Neutrons
121   
22
30   
99+
Number of Electrons
80   
36
26   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
151.00 pm   
32
126.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
132.00 pm   
99+
132.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
155.00 pm   
99+
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
200.59 amu   
32
55.85 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
14.82 cm3/mol   
35
7.10 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Gold
  
Manganese
  
Next Element
Thallium
  
Cobalt
  
Valence Electron Potential
28.20 (-eV)   
99+
67.00 (-eV)   
20
Lattice Constant
300.50 pm   
99+
286.65 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
NA   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
13.53 g/cm3   
24
7.87 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
6.98 g/cm3   
35
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
11,000.00 MPa   
1
Viscosity
0.00   
1
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
28
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
36.80 (Pa)   
5
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
82.00 GPa   
11
Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
170.00 GPa   
10
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
211.00 GPa   
9
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.29   
15
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile, Malleable, Weldable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
13.53   
16
7.20   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic   
Ferromagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
6.3 * 10-3 H/m   
1
Susceptibility
Not Available   
2,00,000.00   
1
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
961.00 nΩ·m   
1
96.10 nΩ·m   
32
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.10 106/cm Ω   
20
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
15.70 kJ/mol   
34
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.14 J/(kg K)   
38
0.44 J/(kg K)   
13
Molar Heat Capacity
27.98 J/mol·K   
13
25.10 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
8.30 W/m·K   
99+
80.40 W/m·K   
22
Critical Temperature
1,750.00 K   
6
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
60.40 µm/(m·K)   
5
11.80 µm/(m·K)   
33
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
56.90 kJ/mol   
99+
351.00 kJ/mol   
23
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.29 kJ/mol   
99+
14.90 kJ/mol   
22
Enthalpy of Atomization
61.50 kJ/mol   
99+
414.20 kJ/mol   
19
Standard Molar Entropy
75.80 J/mol.K   
6
27.30 J/mol.K   
99+
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