Mercury vs Iron
Periodic Table
Symbol
Hg
Fe
Group Number
12
6
8
10
Period Number
6
4
Block
d block
d block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7439976
99+
7439896
99+
Space Group Name
R_ 3m
Im_ 3m
Space Group Number
166.00
6
229.00
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
- At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
- A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
- Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
- Iron is not always magnetic in nature, its allotrope are ferromagnetic and the B allotrope is nonmagnetic.
- The blood consists Iron in hemoglobin molecules to transfer Oxygen in the body.
Sources
Mining, Ores of Minerals
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Ancient Chinese and Indians
Unknown
Discovery
Before 2000 BCE
Before 5000 BC
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
1.1 * 10-1 %
1
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
~0.1 %
1
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
22.00 %
1
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.05 %
9
6.30 %
2
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
0.00 %
12
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
0.01 %
5
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
- It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
- Iron metal alloy steel is used in the application of civil engineering and manufacturing.
- Alloys of iron with nickel, vanadium, chromium, tungsten and manganese have very useful properties.
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
Dentistry
Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Other Uses
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry
Alloys, Sculptures, Statues
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Highly Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
In Blood
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3
23
447.00 Blood/mg dm-3
3
In Bone
0.45 p.p.m.
19
380.00 p.p.m.
5
Physical Properties
Melting Point
Not Available
1,535.00 °C
25
Boiling Point
356.58 °C
99+
2,750.00 °C
37
Appearance
Physical State
Liquid
Solid
Color
Silver
Gray
Luster
NA
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
4.00
10
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
200.00 MPa
40
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
608.00 MPa
18
Speed of Sound
1,451.40 m/s
99+
5,120.00 m/s
8
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
1.00
3
Not Available
Reflectivity
73.00 %
8
65.00 %
12
Allotropes
No
Yes
α Allotropes
Not Available
Ferrite (alpha Iron)
β Allotropes
Not Available
beta Iron
γ Allotropes
Not Available
gamma Iron
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Hg
Fe
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
34
5
26
13
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
2.00
7
1.83
14
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.20
7
2.20
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.44
17
1.64
8
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.81
9
Not Available
Allen Electronegativity
1.44
30
1.80
12
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.00
99+
2.17
40
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
1,007.10 kJ/mol
4
762.50 kJ/mol
17
2nd Energy Level
1,810.00 kJ/mol
20
1,561.90 kJ/mol
36
3rd Energy Level
3,300.00 kJ/mol
20
2,957.00 kJ/mol
29
4th Energy Level
Not Available
5,290.00 kJ/mol
16
5th Energy Level
Not Available
7,240.00 kJ/mol
16
6th Energy Level
Not Available
9,560.00 kJ/mol
14
7th Energy level
Not Available
12,060.00 kJ/mol
15
8th Energy Level
Not Available
14,580.00 kJ/mol
14
9th Energy Level
Not Available
22,540.00 kJ/mol
5
10th Energy Level
Not Available
25,290.00 kJ/mol
8
11th Energy Level
Not Available
28,000.00 kJ/mol
9
12th Energy Level
Not Available
31,920.00 kJ/mol
9
13th Energy Level
Not Available
34,830.00 kJ/mol
9
14th Energy Level
Not Available
37,840.00 kJ/mol
11
15th Energy Level
Not Available
44,100.00 kJ/mol
11
16th Energy Level
Not Available
47,206.00 kJ/mol
13
17th Energy Level
Not Available
122,200.00 kJ/mol
1
18th Energy Level
Not Available
131,000.00 kJ/mol
2
19th Energy Level
Not Available
140,500.00 kJ/mol
3
20th Energy Level
Not Available
152,600.00 kJ/mol
5
21st Energy Level
Not Available
163,000.00 kJ/mol
5
22nd Energy Level
Not Available
173,600.00 kJ/mol
4
23rd Energy Level
Not Available
188,100.00 kJ/mol
4
24th Energy Level
Not Available
195,200.00 kJ/mol
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.74 g/amp-hr
10
0.69 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
4.49 eV
15
4.70 eV
10
Other Chemical Properties
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
80
36
26
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2
[Ar] 3d6 4s2
Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Mercury.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
80
36
26
99+
Number of Neutrons
121
22
30
99+
Number of Electrons
80
36
26
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
151.00 pm
32
126.00 pm
99+
Covalent Radius
132.00 pm
99+
132.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
155.00 pm
99+
200.00 pm
28
Atomic Weight
200.59 amu
32
55.85 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
14.82 cm3/mol
35
7.10 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
28.20 (-eV)
99+
67.00 (-eV)
20
Lattice Constant
300.50 pm
99+
286.65 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
NA
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
13.53 g/cm3
24
7.87 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
6.98 g/cm3
35
Tensile Strength
Not Available
11,000.00 MPa
1
Viscosity
0.00
1
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
28
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
36.80 (Pa)
5
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
Not Available
82.00 GPa
11
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
170.00 GPa
10
Young's Modulus
Not Available
211.00 GPa
9
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
0.29
15
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile, Malleable, Weldable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
13.53
16
7.20
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Ferromagnetic
Permeability
Not Available
6.3 * 10-3 H/m
1
Susceptibility
Not Available
2,00,000.00
1
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
961.00 nΩ·m
1
96.10 nΩ·m
32
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
0.10 106/cm Ω
20
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol
40
15.70 kJ/mol
34
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.14 J/(kg K)
38
0.44 J/(kg K)
13
Molar Heat Capacity
27.98 J/mol·K
13
25.10 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
8.30 W/m·K
99+
80.40 W/m·K
22
Critical Temperature
1,750.00 K
6
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
60.40 µm/(m·K)
5
11.80 µm/(m·K)
33
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
56.90 kJ/mol
99+
351.00 kJ/mol
23
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.29 kJ/mol
99+
14.90 kJ/mol
22
Enthalpy of Atomization
61.50 kJ/mol
99+
414.20 kJ/mol
19
Standard Molar Entropy
75.80 J/mol.K
6
27.30 J/mol.K
99+
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